Institute of Molecular, Cell and Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Bower Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
Plant Cell Environ. 2017 Nov;40(11):2544-2557. doi: 10.1111/pce.12934. Epub 2017 Mar 30.
Exposure to ultraviolet B (UV-B) light regulates numerous aspects of plant metabolism, morphology and physiology through the differential expression of hundreds of genes. Photomorphogenic responses to UV-B are mediated by the photoreceptor UV RESISTANCE LOCUS8 (UVR8). Considerable progress has been made in understanding UVR8 action: the structural basis of photoreceptor function, how interaction with CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1 initiates signaling and how REPRESSOR OF UV-B PHOTOMORPHOGENESIS proteins negatively regulate UVR8 action. In addition, recent research shows that UVR8 mediates several responses through interaction with other signaling pathways, in particular auxin signaling. Nevertheless, many aspects of UVR8 action remain poorly understood. Most research to date has been undertaken with Arabidopsis, and it is important to explore the functions and regulation of UVR8 in diverse plant species. Furthermore, it is essential to understand how UVR8, and UV-B signaling in general, regulates processes under natural growth conditions. Ultraviolet B regulates the expression of many genes through UVR8-independent pathways, but the activity and importance of these pathways in plants growing in sunlight are poorly understood.
紫外线 B（UV-B）的照射通过数百个基因的差异表达来调节植物代谢、形态和生理的众多方面。UVR8（UV 抵抗基因 8）是植物对 UV-B 的光形态建成反应的光受体。目前，人们在理解 UVR8 的作用方面已经取得了相当大的进展：包括光受体功能的结构基础、与 CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1（COP1）的相互作用如何引发信号转导以及 REPRESSOR OF UV-B PHOTOMORPHOGENESIS（CO）蛋白如何负调控 UVR8 的作用。此外，最近的研究表明，UVR8 通过与其他信号通路（特别是生长素信号通路）的相互作用来介导几种反应。然而，UVR8 的作用仍有许多方面尚未被很好地理解。迄今为止，大多数研究都是在拟南芥中进行的，因此，探索 UVR8 在不同植物物种中的功能和调节作用非常重要。此外，了解 UVR8 以及 UV-B 信号转导在自然生长条件下是如何调节各种过程的，也是至关重要的。UV-B 通过 UVR8 非依赖途径调节许多基因的表达，但在阳光照射下生长的植物中，这些途径的活性和重要性还知之甚少。
