Afshordi Niayesh, Corianò Claudio, Delle Rose Luigi, Gould Elizabeth, Skenderis Kostas
Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics, 31 Caroline Street North, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 2Y5, Canada.
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
Phys Rev Lett. 2017 Jan 27;118(4):041301. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.041301.
We test a class of holographic models for the very early Universe against cosmological observations and find that they are competitive to the standard cold dark matter model with a cosmological constant (ΛCDM) of cosmology. These models are based on three-dimensional perturbative superrenormalizable quantum field theory (QFT), and, while they predict a different power spectrum from the standard power law used in ΛCDM, they still provide an excellent fit to the data (within their regime of validity). By comparing the Bayesian evidence for the models, we find that ΛCDM does a better job globally, while the holographic models provide a (marginally) better fit to the data without very low multipoles (i.e., l≲30), where the QFT becomes nonperturbative. Observations can be used to exclude some QFT models, while we also find models satisfying all phenomenological constraints: The data rule out the dual theory being a Yang-Mills theory coupled to fermions only but allow for a Yang-Mills theory coupled to nonminimal scalars with quartic interactions. Lattice simulations of 3D QFTs can provide nonperturbative predictions for large-angle statistics of the cosmic microwave background and potentially explain its apparent anomalies.
我们针对宇宙学观测检验了一类用于极早期宇宙的全息模型，发现它们与宇宙学中带有宇宙学常数的标准冷暗物质模型（ΛCDM）具有竞争力。这些模型基于三维微扰超可重整化量子场论（QFT），并且，尽管它们预测的功率谱与ΛCDM中使用的标准幂律不同，但它们仍能在其有效性范围内对数据提供出色的拟合。通过比较模型的贝叶斯证据，我们发现ΛCDM在整体上表现更好，而全息模型在不包含非常低的多极矩（即l≲30）的数据拟合方面（略有）更好，在该多极矩处QFT变为非微扰的。观测可用于排除一些QFT模型，同时我们也发现了满足所有现象学约束的模型：数据排除了对偶理论仅为与费米子耦合的杨 - 米尔斯理论，但允许存在与具有四次相互作用的非最小标量耦合的杨 - 米尔斯理论。三维QFT的晶格模拟可为宇宙微波背景的大角度统计提供非微扰预测，并有可能解释其明显的异常现象。
