Briñol Pablo, Petty Richard E, Belding Jennifer
Psychology Department, Autonomous University of Madrid, Spain.
Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Br J Soc Psychol. 2017 Jun;56(2):233-249. doi: 10.1111/bjso.12183. Epub 2017 Feb 11.
Many objectification phenomena can be understood from a mind-body dualism perspective in which the more people focus on their bodies, the less they focus on their minds. Instead of viewing mind and body in opposition to each other, we advocate for a more reciprocal view in which mind and body work in conjunction. Consistent with an integrated mind-body approach, we begin our review by describing research on embodied persuasion revealing that focusing on our own body can reduce but also increase thinking (elaboration), as well as affecting the use of thoughts in forming evaluations (validation). Next, we extend our integrated view to a new domain and suggest that physical objects can influence thoughts and that one's thoughts can also be objectified. The first portion of this section focuses on research on enclothed cognition revealing that wearing physical objects can operate through the same processes of elaboration (increasing and decreasing thinking) and validation (increasing and decreasing thought usage) as the body. The second portion reveals that thoughts can be understood and treated as if they were physical objects affecting evaluative processes by influencing elaboration and validation processes. The final section provides some practical guidance relevant to campaigns designed to reduce the objectification of women and the infrahumanization of stigmatized groups.
许多客观化现象可以从身心二元论的角度来理解，即人们越关注自己的身体，就越不关注自己的心灵。我们提倡一种更为相互作用的观点，即身心协同工作，而不是将身心视为相互对立的。与身心整合方法一致，我们在综述开始时描述了关于具身说服的研究，该研究表明关注自己的身体既能减少也能增加思考（详尽阐述），还能影响在形成评价时思想的运用（验证）。接下来，我们将整合观点扩展到一个新领域，并提出物理对象可以影响思想，而且一个人的思想也可以被客观化。本节的第一部分重点介绍了关于着装认知的研究，该研究表明佩戴物理对象可以通过与身体相同的详尽阐述（增加和减少思考）和验证（增加和减少思想运用）过程发挥作用。第二部分表明，思想可以被理解和对待，就好像它们是通过影响详尽阐述和验证过程来影响评价过程的物理对象一样。最后一部分为旨在减少女性客观化和被污名化群体的次等人化的活动提供了一些实用指导。
