GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany.
Adv Appl Microbiol. 2017;98:61-91. doi: 10.1016/bs.aambs.2016.09.003. Epub 2016 Oct 18.
Drilling is an integral part of subsurface exploration. Because almost all drilling operations require the use of a drill fluid, contamination by infiltration of drill fluid into the recovered core material cannot be avoided. Because it is impossible to maintain sterile conditions during drilling the drill fluid will contain surface microbes and other contaminants. As contamination cannot be avoided, it has to be tracked to identify those parts of the drill core that were not infiltrated by the drill fluid. This is done by the addition of tracer compounds. A great variety of tracers is available, and the choice depends on many factors. This review will first explain the basic principles of drilling before presenting the most common tracers and discussing their strengths and weaknesses. The final part of this review presents a number of key questions that have to be addressed in order to find the right tracer for a particular drilling operation.
钻探是地下勘探的一个组成部分。因为几乎所有的钻探作业都需要使用钻井液，所以钻井液不可避免地会渗透到回收的岩芯材料中，造成污染。由于在钻探过程中不可能保持无菌条件，因此钻井液中会含有表面微生物和其他污染物。由于无法避免污染，因此必须对其进行跟踪，以确定钻芯的哪些部分没有被钻井液渗透。这是通过添加示踪化合物来实现的。有各种各样的示踪剂可供选择，选择取决于许多因素。本综述首先将在介绍最常见的示踪剂并讨论其优缺点之前，先解释钻探的基本原理。本综述的最后一部分提出了一些关键问题，为了找到特定钻探作业的合适示踪剂，这些问题必须得到解决。
