Mazani Ali A, Hamedinia Mohamed R, Haghighi Amir H, Hedayatpour Nosratollah
Faculty of Sport Science, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran.
Center for Biomechanic and Motor Control (BMC), Department of Sport Science, University of Bojnord, Bojnord, Iran -
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2018 Apr;58(4):428-434. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.17.06655-5. Epub 2017 Feb 14.
Dynamic strength training has been widely used to increase the ability of skeletal muscle to produce muscle force. Manipulating resistance training program variables has been commonly used as a tool to optimize maximum strength. This study examined the effects of 12 weeks of high-speed strength training with low and heavy workloads on muscle strength and neuromuscular function of quadriceps muscle.
Thirty male subjects (age, mean±SD, 20.6±2.6 yr, body mass 70.4±12.9 kg, height 1.76±0.09 m) with no history of knee injury or trauma participated to the study. Subjects were randomly divided into two training groups, low workload training (40% 1RM) and heavy workload training (80% 1RM). One repetition of maximum leg-press measured before and after 12 weeks training. Moreover, surface electromyograpic signals were recorded from vastus medialis and lateralis muscle during one repetition of maximum leg-press before and after 12 weeks training.
High speed training with heavy workload-low repetition resulted in a greater increase (41.8%±4.3) in maximal concentric quadriceps strength compared with high speed training with low workloads-high repetition (23.3%±2.7; F=3.8, P<0.035). Average rectified value of EMG after 12 weeks high speed training with heavy workload- low repetition was significantly larger than those observed after high speed training with low workload- high repetition (F=5.5, P<0.039).
The result indicates that, high speed movement combined with heavy workload is an effective stimulus for neural adaptations to training, which in turn result in greater improvement in muscle strength.
动态力量训练已被广泛用于提高骨骼肌产生肌肉力量的能力。调整阻力训练计划变量通常被用作优化最大力量的工具。本研究考察了12周低负荷和高负荷高速力量训练对股四头肌力量和神经肌肉功能的影响。
30名无膝关节损伤或创伤史的男性受试者（年龄，均值±标准差，20.6±2.6岁，体重70.4±12.9千克，身高1.76±0.09米）参与了本研究。受试者被随机分为两个训练组，低负荷训练组（40%1RM）和高负荷训练组（80%1RM）。在12周训练前后测量一次最大腿举力量。此外，在12周训练前后的一次最大腿举过程中，记录股内侧肌和股外侧肌的表面肌电信号。
与低负荷高重复次数的高速训练（23.3%±2.7；F=3.8，P<0.035）相比，高负荷低重复次数的高速训练使股四头肌最大向心力量有更大幅度的增加（41.8%±4.3）。高负荷低重复次数的12周高速训练后肌电的平均整流值显著大于低负荷高重复次数的高速训练后观察到的值（F=5.5，P<0.039）。
结果表明，高速运动结合高负荷是一种有效的训练神经适应性刺激，进而能使肌肉力量得到更大改善。
