Xu Y A, Doel Andrew, Watson Sinead, Routledge Michael N, Elliott Christopher T, Moore Sophie E, Gong Yun Yun
Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1NN, UK.
Medical Research Council (MRC) International Nutrition Group, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1E 7HT, UK.
J Food Prot. 2017 Jan;80(1):44-49. doi: 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-16-152.
Aflatoxin, a human liver carcinogen, frequently contaminates groundnuts, maize, rice, and other grains, especially in Africa. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention that involved training rural Gambian women on how to identify and remove moldy groundnuts to reduce aflatoxin B (AFB) contamination. In total, 25 women, recruited from the West Kiang region of The Gambia, were trained on how to recognize and remove moldy groundnuts. Market-purchased groundnuts were hand sorted by the women. Groundnuts were sampled at baseline (n =5), after hand sorting ("clean," n =25 and "moldy," n =25), and after roasting (n =5). All samples were analyzed for AFB by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A reduction of 42.9% was achieved based on the median AFB levels at baseline and after hand sorting (clean groundnuts), whereas an alternative estimate, based on the total AFB in moldy and clean groundnuts, indicated a reduction of 96.7%, with a loss of only 2% of the groundnuts. By roasting the already clean sorted groundnuts, the AFB reduction achieved (based on median levels) was 39.3%. This educational intervention on how to identify and remove moldy groundnuts was simple and effective in reducing AFB contamination.
黄曲霉毒素是一种人类肝脏致癌物，经常污染花生、玉米、大米和其他谷物，在非洲尤为常见。本研究的目的是评估一项教育干预措施的效果，该措施包括培训冈比亚农村妇女如何识别和去除发霉的花生，以减少黄曲霉毒素B（AFB）污染。总共从冈比亚的西江区招募了25名妇女，对她们进行了如何识别和去除发霉花生的培训。这些妇女对手工挑选从市场购买的花生。在基线时（n = 5）、手工挑选后（“干净的”，n = 25和“发霉的”，n = 25）以及烘烤后（n = 5）对花生进行采样。通过酶联免疫吸附测定法对所有样品进行AFB分析。根据基线和手工挑选后（干净花生）的AFB中位数水平，实现了42.9%的降低，而基于发霉花生和干净花生中AFB总量的另一种估计表明降低了96.7%，花生损失仅为2%。通过烘烤已经挑选干净的花生，实现的AFB降低（基于中位数水平）为39.3%。这项关于如何识别和去除发霉花生的教育干预措施在减少AFB污染方面简单有效。
