Yazer Mark H, Delaney Meghan, Germain Marc, Karafin Matthew S, Sayers Merlyn, Vassallo Ralph, Ziman Alyssa, Shaz Beth
The Institute for Transfusion Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Bloodworks Northwest, Seattle, Washington.
Transfusion. 2017 May;57(5):1226-1234. doi: 10.1111/trf.14039. Epub 2017 Feb 16.
To provide the appropriately diverse blood supply necessary to support alloimmunized and chronically transfused patients, minority donation recruitment programs have been implemented. This study investigated temporal changes in minority red blood cell (RBC) donation patterns in the United States.
Data on donor race and ethnicity from 2006 through 2015, including the number of unique donors, collections, RBCs successfully donated, and average annual number of RBC donations per donor (donor fraction), were collected from eight US blood collectors. Minority donors were stratified into the following groups: Asian, black or African American, Hispanic or Latino, Native Indian or Alaska Native, Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander, white, multiracial/other, and no answer/not sure.
Over the 10-year period, white donors annually constituted the majority of unique donors (range, 70.7%-73.9%), had the greatest proportion of collections (range, 76.1%-79.8%), and donated the greatest proportion of RBC units (range, 76.3%-80.2%). These donors also had the highest annual donor fraction (range, 1.82-1.91 units per donor). Black or African American donors annually constituted between 4.9 and 5.2% of all donors during the study period and donated between 4.0 and 4.3% of all RBC units. Linear regression analysis revealed decreasing numbers of donors, collections, and donated RBC units from white donors over time.
Although the US population has diversified, and minority recruitment programs have been implemented, white donors constitute the majority of RBC donors and donations. Focused and effective efforts are needed to increase the proportion of minority donors.
为了提供足够多样的血液供应以支持接受同种免疫和长期输血的患者，已实施了少数族裔献血招募计划。本研究调查了美国少数族裔红细胞（RBC）献血模式的时间变化。
收集了2006年至2015年美国八家血液采集机构关于献血者种族和族裔的数据，包括独特献血者数量、采集量、成功捐献的红细胞数量以及每位献血者每年的红细胞平均捐献量（献血者比例）。少数族裔献血者被分为以下几组：亚洲人、黑人或非裔美国人、西班牙裔或拉丁裔、印第安原住民或阿拉斯加原住民、夏威夷原住民或其他太平洋岛民、白人、多种族/其他以及未作答/不确定。
在这10年期间，白人献血者每年在独特献血者中占大多数（范围为70.7% - 73.9%），采集比例最高（范围为76.1% - 79.8%），捐献的红细胞单位比例也最高（范围为76.3% - 80.2%）。这些献血者的年度献血者比例也最高（范围为每位献血者1.82 - 1.91单位）。在研究期间，黑人或非裔美国人献血者每年占所有献血者的4.9%至5.2%，捐献的红细胞单位占所有红细胞单位的4.0%至4.3%。线性回归分析显示，随着时间的推移，白人献血者的数量、采集量和捐献的红细胞单位数量均呈下降趋势。
尽管美国人口日益多元化，且已实施少数族裔招募计划，但白人献血者仍占红细胞献血者和献血量的大多数。需要集中精力并采取有效措施来提高少数族裔献血者的比例。
