Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Brain and Neuroscience, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine: 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago, Tottori 683-8504, Japan.
National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry: 4-1-1 Ogawa-Higashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8551 Japan.
Sci Rep. 2017 Feb 16;7:42858. doi: 10.1038/srep42858.
Deficits in neuropsychological performance are common in schizophrenia, but their relationship with the fronto-temporal functional abnormalities associated with this condition remains unclear. We explored the relationship between neuropsychological performance as measured using the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) and the Social Cognition Screening Questionnaire theory of mind (ToM) subscale and fronto-temporal function in 23 patients with schizophrenia and 23 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HCs), using 52-channel near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Regional hemodynamic changes were significantly smaller in the schizophrenia group than in the HCs group in the ventro-lateral prefrontal cortex and the anterior part of the temporal cortex (VLPFC/aTC) and dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex and frontopolar cortex (DLPFC/FPC) regions. To dissect the effect of variance in BACS cognitive domains from the relationship between ToM function and fronto-temporal function, we performed additional partial correlation analyses between ToM and NIRS data, using BACS composite score as a control variable. The correlation between ToM and NIRS data remained significant only in the DLPFC/FPC region. This finding is important to models of recovery, as it suggests that intervention programs focusing on enhancing fronto-temporal function may have a greater impact on social and occupational outcomes than traditional rehabilitation programs focusing on neuropsychological performance.
神经心理学表现缺陷在精神分裂症中很常见，但它们与该病症相关的额颞叶功能异常之间的关系尚不清楚。我们使用 52 通道近红外光谱 (NIRS) 技术，在 23 名精神分裂症患者和 23 名年龄和性别匹配的健康对照者 (HC) 中，探索了使用简明精神分裂症认知评估量表 (BACS) 测量的神经心理学表现与社会认知筛查问卷心理理论 (ToM) 分量表以及额颞叶功能之间的关系。与 HCs 组相比，精神分裂症组在腹外侧前额叶皮层和颞叶前部 (VLPFC/aTC) 以及背外侧前额叶皮层和额极皮层 (DLPFC/FPC) 区域的局部血液动力学变化明显较小。为了从 ToM 功能与额颞叶功能之间的关系中剖析 BACS 认知领域的方差效应，我们使用 BACS 综合评分作为控制变量，在 ToM 和 NIRS 数据之间进行了额外的部分相关分析。只有在 DLPFC/FPC 区域，ToM 与 NIRS 数据之间的相关性仍然显著。这一发现对于恢复模型很重要，因为它表明，与传统的侧重于神经心理学表现的康复计划相比，侧重于增强额颞叶功能的干预计划可能对社会和职业结果产生更大的影响。
