Department of Psychology, University of Leipzig.
Department of Psychology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2018 Aug;115(2):304-320. doi: 10.1037/pspp0000142. Epub 2017 Feb 16.
Do others perceive the personality changes that take place between the ages of 14 and 29 in a similar fashion as the aging person him- or herself? This cross-sectional study analyzed age trajectories in self- versus other-reported Big Five personality traits and in self-other agreement in a sample of more than 10,000 individuals from the myPersonality Project. Results for self-reported personality showed maturation effects (increases in extraversion, conscientiousness, openness to experience, and emotional stability), and this pattern was generally also reflected in other-reports, albeit with discrepancies regarding timing and magnitude. Age differences found for extraversion were similar between the self- and other-reports, but the increase found in self-reported conscientiousness was delayed in other-reports, and the curvilinear increase found in self-reported openness was slightly steeper in other-reports. Only emotional stability showed a distinct mismatch with an increase in self-reports, but no significant age effect in other-reports. Both the self- and other-reports of agreeableness showed no significant age trends. The trait correlations between the self- and other-reports increased with age for emotional stability, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness; by contrast, agreement regarding extraversion remained stable. The profile correlations confirmed increases in self-other agreement with age. We suggest that these gains in agreement are a further manifestation of maturation. Taken together, our analyses generally show commonalities but also some divergences in age-associated mean level changes between self- and other-reports of the Big Five, as well as an age trend toward increasing self-other agreement. (PsycINFO Database Record
其他人是否以与个体自身相似的方式感知到 14 岁至 29 岁之间发生的人格变化？本横断面研究分析了在 myPersonality Project 中，超过 10000 名个体的样本中，自我报告和他人报告的大五人格特质的年龄轨迹以及自我-他人一致性。自我报告的人格结果显示出成熟效应（外向性、尽责性、开放性和情绪稳定性的增加），而且这种模式通常也反映在他人报告中，尽管在时间和幅度上存在差异。自我报告和他人报告中发现的外向性年龄差异相似，但自我报告中尽责性的增加在他人报告中被延迟，自我报告中开放性的曲线增加在他人报告中略为陡峭。只有情绪稳定性与自我报告的增加存在明显不匹配，而在他人报告中则没有显著的年龄效应。自我报告和他人报告的宜人性都没有显示出明显的年龄趋势。自我报告和他人报告的特质相关性随着年龄的增长而增加，情绪稳定性、开放性、宜人性和尽责性的相关性增加；相比之下，关于外向性的一致性保持稳定。特征相关系数证实了自我与他人的一致性随着年龄的增长而增加。我们认为，这些一致性的提高是成熟的进一步表现。总的来说，我们的分析表明，自我报告和他人报告的大五人格在与年龄相关的平均水平变化方面既有共同点，也有一些差异，以及自我与他人一致性随年龄增长的趋势。
