Schoenfeld-Tacher Regina M, Shaw Jane R, Meyer-Parsons Beatrice, Kogan Lori R
J Vet Med Educ. 2017 Spring;44(1):63-71. doi: 10.3138/jvme.0116-009R2.
Clinical empathy is a multi-dimensional concept characterized by four dimensions: (1) affective-the ability to experience patients' or clients' emotions and perspectives, (2) moral-the internal motivation to empathize, (3) cognitive-the intellectual ability to identify and comprehend others' perspective and emotions, and (4) behavioral-the ability to convey understanding of those emotions and perspectives back to the patient or client. The Davis Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) was used to examine the affective and cognitive facets of empathy in veterinary practitioners. The IRI consists of four subscales that measure cognitive (perspective taking and fantasy) and affective (emphatic concern and personal distress) components of empathy. Data from a cross-sectional sample of practicing veterinarians (n=434) were collected. Veterinarians' fantasy scores were lowest for those with the most clinical experience. Personal distress scores were highest among new veterinarians and lowest for those with 26 or more years in practice. High levels of personal distress in the early years of practice are concerning for the professional wellness of veterinarians. To combat this trend, the implementation of resilience-building interventions should be considered to support veterinary practitioners.
临床同理心是一个多维度的概念，其具有四个维度：（1）情感维度——体验患者或客户情绪及观点的能力；（2）道德维度——产生同理心的内在动机；（3）认知维度——识别和理解他人观点及情绪的智力能力；（4）行为维度——将对那些情绪和观点的理解传达给患者或客户的能力。戴维斯人际反应指数（IRI）被用于检验兽医从业者同理心的情感和认知方面。IRI由四个分量表组成，这些分量表测量同理心的认知（观点采择和幻想）和情感（共情关注和个人痛苦）成分。收集了来自执业兽医横断面样本（n = 434）的数据。临床经验最丰富的兽医，其幻想得分最低。新兽医的个人痛苦得分最高，而执业26年或更长时间的兽医，其个人痛苦得分最低。执业初期高水平的个人痛苦对兽医的职业健康而言令人担忧。为应对这一趋势，应考虑实施增强复原力的干预措施，以支持兽医从业者。
