Benuš Štefan, Šimko Juraj
Constantine the Philosopher University, Nitra, Slovakia.
Phonetica. 2016;73(3-4):163-193. doi: 10.1159/000446350. Epub 2017 Feb 23.
BACKGROUND/AIM: Encoding intended meanings in the type and strength of prosodic boundaries and strategies for communicating these meanings in ambient noise use similar prosodic cues. We analyze how increasing the level of ambient noise affects the realization of Slovak prosodic boundaries.
Five native speakers of Slovak read sentences, manipulating the boundary type (weak, rise, fall) and the location of pre-boundary pitch accent. Ambient noise of several levels was administered via headphones. Acoustic and articulatory data (electromagnetometry) were collected.
Under normal condition, boundary strength is signaled with longer pre-boundary rhymes, more frequent pauses, greater crossboundary f0 resets and jaw displacement. The strength of falls is realized in crossboundary features (pauses, f0 reset), and rises in pre-boundary features (rhyme duration, f0 range). Pitch-accented rhymes are strengthened in all features, but f0 range. In noise, the increase in boundary strength is weak, and falls strengthen more than rises. F0 targets for falls and rises are adjusted in addition to noiseinduced global f0 scaling and lengthening.
Hyper-articulation of prosodic boundaries in ambient noise is not robust and uniform; rather, durational, f0 and jaw displacement features co-create complex prosodic patterns in a complementary and synergetic manner based on affordances in normal speech.
背景/目的：在韵律边界的类型和强度中编码预期含义，以及在环境噪声中传达这些含义的策略使用相似的韵律线索。我们分析环境噪声水平的增加如何影响斯洛伐克语韵律边界的实现。
五位斯洛伐克语母语者朗读句子，操纵边界类型（弱、升、降）和边界前音高重音的位置。通过耳机施加几种水平的环境噪声。收集声学和发音数据（电磁测量法）。
在正常条件下，边界强度通过更长的边界前韵律、更频繁的停顿、更大的跨边界f0重置和下颌位移来表示。降调的强度通过跨边界特征（停顿、f0重置）来实现，升调通过边界前特征（韵律时长、f0范围）来实现。除f0范围外，有音高重音的韵律在所有特征中都得到加强。在噪声环境中，边界强度的增加较弱，降调比升调增强得更多。除了噪声引起的全局f0缩放和延长外，降调和升调的f0目标也会调整。
在环境噪声中对韵律边界进行过度发音并不稳健和统一；相反，时长、f0和下颌位移特征基于正常语音中的可供性以互补和协同的方式共同创造复杂的韵律模式。
