Gulde Philipp, Hermsdörfer Joachim
Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Institute of Movement Science, Technical University of Munich, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 60/62, Munich, Germany.
Exp Brain Res. 2017 May;235(5):1337-1348. doi: 10.1007/s00221-017-4897-4. Epub 2017 Feb 16.
The kinematic performance of basic motor tasks shows a clear decrease with advancing age. This study examined if the rules known from such tasks can be generalized to activities of daily living. We examined the end-effector kinematics of 13 young and 13 elderly participants in the multi-step activity of daily living of tea-making. Furthermore, we analyzed bimanual behavior and hand dominance in the task using different conditions of execution. The elderly sample took substantially longer to complete the activity (almost 50%) with longer trajectories compared with the young sample. Models of multiple linear regression revealed that the longer trajectories prolonged the trial duration in both groups, and while movement speed influenced the trial duration of young participants, phases of inactivity negatively affected how long the activity took the elderly subjects. No differences were found regarding bimanual performance or hand dominance. We assume that in self-paced activities of daily living, the age-dependent differences in the kinematics are more likely to be based on the higher cognitive demands of the task rather than on pure motor capability. Furthermore, it seems that not all of the rules known from basic motor tasks can be generalized to activities of daily living.
基本运动任务的运动学表现会随着年龄的增长而明显下降。本研究探讨了此类任务中已知的规则是否可以推广到日常生活活动中。我们研究了13名年轻参与者和13名老年参与者在泡茶这一日常生活多步骤活动中的末端执行器运动学。此外，我们在不同的执行条件下分析了该任务中的双手行为和利手情况。与年轻参与者相比，老年参与者完成活动所需的时间显著更长（几乎多出50%），轨迹也更长。多元线性回归模型显示，较长的轨迹会延长两组参与者的试验持续时间，虽然运动速度会影响年轻参与者的试验持续时间，但静止阶段会对老年参与者完成活动所需的时间产生负面影响。在双手操作表现或利手方面未发现差异。我们认为，在自主节奏的日常生活活动中，运动学方面与年龄相关的差异更可能基于任务的更高认知需求，而非单纯的运动能力。此外，似乎并非所有从基本运动任务中已知的规则都能推广到日常生活活动中。
