Qin Wei, Meinhardt Kelley A, Moffett James W, Devol Allan H, Virginia Armbrust E, Ingalls Anitra E, Stahl David A
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
Departments of Biological Sciences and Earth Sciences and Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA.
Environ Microbiol Rep. 2017 Jun;9(3):250-256. doi: 10.1111/1758-2229.12525. Epub 2017 Mar 13.
Recent studies point to the importance of oxygen (O ) in controlling the distribution and activity of marine ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA), one of the most abundant prokaryotes in the ocean. The AOA are associated with regions of low O tension in oceanic oxygen minimum zones (OMZs), and O availability is suggested to influence their production of the ozone-depleting greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N O). We show that marine AOA available in pure culture sustain high ammonia oxidation activity at low μM O concentrations, characteristic of suboxic regions of OMZs (<10 µM O ), and that atmospheric concentrations of O may inhibit the growth of some environmental populations. We quantify the increasing N O production by marine AOA with decreasing O tensions, consistent with the plausibility of an AOA contribution to the accumulation of N O at the oxic-anoxic redox boundaries of OMZs. Variable sensitivity to peroxide also suggests that endogenous or exogenous reactive oxygen species are of importance in determining the environmental distribution of some populations.
近期研究指出，氧气（O₂）对于控制海洋氨氧化古菌（AOA）的分布和活性至关重要，AOA是海洋中最为丰富的原核生物之一。AOA与海洋氧含量极小值区（OMZ）中低氧张力区域相关联，并且据推测，氧的可利用性会影响它们产生消耗臭氧层的温室气体一氧化二氮（N₂O）。我们发现，纯培养的海洋AOA在低 microM O₂浓度下能维持较高的氨氧化活性，这是OMZ亚氧区域（<10 µM O₂）的特征，并且大气浓度的O₂可能会抑制一些环境种群的生长。我们量化了随着氧张力降低，海洋AOA产生N₂O的量增加，这与AOA在OMZ的有氧 - 无氧氧化还原边界处对N₂O积累有贡献的合理性相一致。对过氧化物的可变敏感性还表明，内源性或外源性活性氧在决定某些种群的环境分布方面具有重要意义。
