Ince Serpil, Çevik Kıvan
Akdeniz University Nursing Faculty Antalya, Turkey.
Celal Bayar University Manisa, Turkey.
Nurse Educ Today. 2017 May;52:10-14. doi: 10.1016/j.nedt.2017.02.009. Epub 2017 Feb 14.
Nursing education is a process aimed both at theoretical knowledge and skill development. The Fundamentals of Nursing is a course that furnishes students with professional knowledge, concepts and technical skills, and, also, is the keystone of nursing education in our country. Students experience a great deal of anxiety as they face basic nursing practices for the first time. Studies have revealed the effectiveness of music in relieving anxiety in many patient groups. However, no previous studies were found where music was used with the intent to lower the anxiety that students experience over the course of skill learning. The experimental study is aimed at determining the effect of music in decreasing anxiety during the first nursing practices of students in a laboratory setting.
The experimental study was conducted on nursing students of Akdeniz University attending Fundamentals of Nursing, a freshman course, during the 2013-2014 academic year. A total of 73 students, of which 34 were assigned to the experimental group and 39 to the control group, participated in the study. Data collection was carried out using (a) the student identification form prepared by the authors, (b) skill control lists and (c) the Situational Anxiety Scale. The students in the experimental group listened to music during blood draw skill practice in a laboratory environment. The students were assessed with respect to their performance of blood drawing through skill control lists using the statements "True", "False" and "Forgotten". The anxiety levels and vital signs of students were assessed before and after the practice.
The mean age of the students was 19.08. 64.7% of the experimental group and 82.1% of the control group were female. The age group of 64.7% of the students in the experimental group was female. The age group of 82.1% of the students in the control group was female. After music listening, the mean anxiety score of the students was 38.70±3.83 in the experimental group and 39.76±4.72 in the control group. The difference between the mean anxiety scores of the two groups was statistically significant (p<0.05). The evaluation made before and after the blood draw revealed a statistically significant difference in diastolic blood pressure values in the experimental group that listened to music(p<0.05).
The results of the study showed that listening to music decreased the anxiety levels of nursing students during their first blood draw experience.
护理教育是一个旨在培养理论知识和技能的过程。《护理学基础》是一门为学生提供专业知识、概念和技术技能的课程，也是我国护理教育的基石。学生在首次面对基础护理操作时会经历大量焦虑。研究表明音乐对缓解许多患者群体的焦虑有效。然而，此前未发现有研究将音乐用于降低学生在技能学习过程中所经历的焦虑。本实验研究旨在确定在实验室环境中，音乐对降低学生首次护理操作时的焦虑的效果。
本实验研究针对2013 - 2014学年在阿克德尼兹大学参加《护理学基础》这一大一课程的护理专业学生进行。共有73名学生参与研究，其中34名被分配到实验组，39名被分配到对照组。数据收集使用了：（a）作者编制的学生身份识别表；（b）技能控制清单；（c）情境焦虑量表。实验组学生在实验室环境中进行采血技能练习时听音乐。通过技能控制清单，使用“是”“否”和“忘记”的表述对学生的采血操作表现进行评估。在练习前后对学生的焦虑水平和生命体征进行评估。
学生的平均年龄为19.08岁。实验组64.7%的学生为女性，对照组82.1%的学生为女性。听音乐后，实验组学生的平均焦虑评分为38.70±3.83，对照组为39.76±4.72。两组平均焦虑评分的差异具有统计学意义（p<0.05）。采血前后的评估显示，听音乐的实验组舒张压值存在统计学显著差异（p<0.05）。
研究结果表明，听音乐降低了护理专业学生首次采血时的焦虑水平。
