Bublat A, Fischer D, Bruslund S, Schneider H, Meinecke-Tillmann S, Wehrend A, Lierz M
Clinic for Birds, Reptiles, Amphibians and Fish, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 91, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
Clinic for Birds, Reptiles, Amphibians and Fish, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 91, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
Theriogenology. 2017 Mar 15;91:82-89. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.11.029. Epub 2016 Dec 18.
In large parrots electro-stimulation is suitable for collecting semen, and therefore, to facilitate semen examination and artificial insemination. Previous studies have detected differences in the semen collection success rate and semen parameters between psittacine genera. It remained unclear whether these differences were genera-related, seasonal variations or depend on the males' relationship status. To answer these questions, semen collection and spermatological analysis were performed for four psittacine groups (macaws, amazons, eclectus parrots and cockatoos) over 13 months. In one breeding facility, semen collection was attempted in 82 males using electro-stimulation twice monthly. A complete spermatological evaluation was performed on 435 semen samples. Volume, color, consistency, contamination and pH of semen, as well as motility, progressive motility, sperm concentration, total sperm count, viability, and morphology of spermatozoa were evaluated. Seasonality affected the collection success rate in macaws and amazons. Thereby, in amazons a distinct peak was observed several days before and around oviposition, whereas eclectus parrots and cockatoos produced semen all year round. The average sperm concentration was highest in eclectus parrots (2.7 × 10 sperm/μl) and lowest in macaws (35.6 × 10 sperm/μl). The differences in the semen collection success rate and semen parameters seem to coincide with the bird's breeding biology. The collected data allows a prognostic estimation when semen collection seems favorable, and may be taken as orientation values for semen analysis in these species.
在大型鹦鹉中，电刺激适用于采集精液，因此有助于精液检查和人工授精。先前的研究已经检测到鹦鹉科各属之间在精液采集成功率和精液参数上存在差异。目前尚不清楚这些差异是与属相关、季节性变化还是取决于雄性的配对状态。为了回答这些问题，在13个月的时间里，对四个鹦鹉科群体（金刚鹦鹉、亚马逊鹦鹉、折衷鹦鹉和凤头鹦鹉）进行了精液采集和精子学分析。在一个繁殖场所，尝试对82只雄性鹦鹉每月进行两次电刺激精液采集。对435份精液样本进行了完整的精子学评估。评估了精液的体积、颜色、稠度、污染情况和pH值，以及精子的活力、前向运动能力、精子浓度、总精子数、存活率和形态。季节性影响了金刚鹦鹉和亚马逊鹦鹉的采集成功率。因此，在亚马逊鹦鹉中，在产卵前几天和产卵前后观察到一个明显的峰值，而折衷鹦鹉和凤头鹦鹉全年都能产生精液。折衷鹦鹉的平均精子浓度最高（2.7×10个精子/微升），金刚鹦鹉最低（35.6×10个精子/微升）。精液采集成功率和精液参数的差异似乎与鸟类的繁殖生物学一致。所收集的数据可以对精液采集何时适宜进行预后估计，并可作为这些物种精液分析的参考值。
