Mwinyi Jessica, Pisanu Claudia, Castelao Enrique, Stringhini Silvia, Preisig Martin, Schiöth Helgi B
Department of Neuroscience, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden.
Department of Neuroscience, University of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
Womens Health Issues. 2017 May-Jun;27(3):302-307. doi: 10.1016/j.whi.2017.01.001. Epub 2017 Feb 15.
We investigated to what extent the lifetime prevalence of anxiety disorders relates to negative economic changes, taking important lifestyle factors and unexpected life events into consideration.
We included 3,695 participants recruited in the city of Lausanne (Switzerland), from the population-based CoLaus/PsyCoLaus study. The association between anxiety disorders, lifestyle factors, and life events related to income was investigated using binary logistic regression analyses correcting for demographic and clinical confounders.
Compared with men, women with anxiety disorders showed a significantly lower socioeconomic status (Mann-Whitney U = 56,318; p < .001) and reported a higher negative impact of substantial reduction of income (Mann-Whitney U = 68,531; p = .024). When performing adjusted analyses, low socioeconomic status (odd ratio, 0.87; p = .001) and negative impact of reduction of income (odd ratio, 1.01; p = .004) were associated significantly with anxiety disorders in women but not in men.
Our results suggest that anxiety disorders aggravate already existing gender differences in economic conditions, and that women with anxiety need additional support to attain socioeconomic security similar to that of men.
我们研究了焦虑症的终生患病率在何种程度上与负面经济变化相关，并考虑了重要的生活方式因素和意外生活事件。
我们纳入了来自瑞士洛桑市基于人群的CoLaus/PsyCoLaus研究招募的3695名参与者。使用二元逻辑回归分析来研究焦虑症、生活方式因素和与收入相关的生活事件之间的关联，并对人口统计学和临床混杂因素进行校正。
与男性相比，患有焦虑症的女性社会经济地位显著较低（曼-惠特尼U = 56318；p <.001），并且报告收入大幅减少的负面影响更大（曼-惠特尼U = 6853；p =.024）。在进行校正分析时，低社会经济地位（比值比，0.87；p =.00）和收入减少的负面影响（比值比，1.01；p =.004）与女性的焦虑症显著相关，而与男性无关。
我们的结果表明，焦虑症加剧了经济状况中已有的性别差异，患有焦虑症的女性需要额外的支持来获得与男性类似的社会经济保障。
