Shahraki Azar Danesh, Dehkordi Nastaran Zamani, Lotfizadeh Masoud
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R., Iran.
Department of Community Health, Social Health Determinants Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, I.R., Iran.
Adv Biomed Res. 2016 Dec 27;5:192. doi: 10.4103/2277-9175.190944. eCollection 2016.
Folic acid supplementation had previously mentioned as a protective factor against the onset of preeclampsia (PE). In this study, we aimed to compare the effect of high dose (5 mg daily) and low dose (1 mg daily) of folic acid supplementation on prevalence, onset and severity of PE.
Pregnant women who were in the first trimester and referred to prenatal care university hospitals of Isfahan, Iran during October 2013-May 2015 were included in this study, then they were randomly divided into two groups of 5 mg and 1 mg (treated with daily 5 mg and 1 mg of folic acid, respectively), both groups received folic acid from the first trimester of pregnancy to 42 days after termination. Blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), and some urine and blood biochemistry parameters were measured. SPSS-22 used for statistical analysis.
A total of 943 pregnant women participated in the study (450 women in 1 mg group and 450 women in 5 mg group). Incidence rate of PE was 3.8% in 1 mg group and 2.4% in 5 mg group. In a comparison of preeclamptic patients in 1 mg and 5 mg group, no significant differences were seen regarding age, BMI, laboratory data, the severity of the disease, and onset (early or late) ( > 0.05).
Although our findings support that administration of high dose folic acid may decrease the prevalence of PE, there is not enough data to support that higher amount of folic acid administration can reduce the severity of presentation's signs or ameliorate the laboratory data and the onset of PE.
叶酸补充剂此前曾被提及为预防先兆子痫（PE）发作的保护因素。在本研究中，我们旨在比较高剂量（每日5毫克）和低剂量（每日1毫克）叶酸补充剂对PE患病率、发作及严重程度的影响。
纳入2013年10月至2015年5月期间在伊朗伊斯法罕大学医院接受产前检查的孕早期孕妇，然后将她们随机分为5毫克组和1毫克组（分别每日服用5毫克和1毫克叶酸），两组均从妊娠早期至终止妊娠后42天服用叶酸。测量血压、体重指数（BMI）以及一些尿液和血液生化参数。使用SPSS - 22进行统计分析。
共有943名孕妇参与研究（1毫克组450名妇女，5毫克组450名妇女）。1毫克组PE发病率为3.8%，5毫克组为2.4%。比较1毫克组和5毫克组的先兆子痫患者，在年龄、BMI、实验室数据、疾病严重程度及发作（早发或晚发）方面未见显著差异（>0.05）。
尽管我们的研究结果支持高剂量叶酸给药可能降低PE患病率，但没有足够的数据支持更高剂量的叶酸给药可减轻症状严重程度或改善实验室数据以及PE发作情况。
