Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, H3C 3J7, Canada.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2017 Dec;83:721-735. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.02.010. Epub 2017 Feb 13.
The habenula is an epithalamic structure located at the center of the dorsal diencephalic conduction system, a pathway involved in linking forebrain to midbrain regions. Composed of a medial and lateral subdivisions, the habenula receives inputs from the limbic system and basal ganglia mainly through the stria medullaris (SM), and projects to midbrain regions through the fasciculus retroflexus (FR). An increasing number of studies have implicated this structure in psychiatric disorders associated with dysregulated reward circuitry function, notably mood disorders, schizophrenia, and substance use disorder. However, despite significant progress in research, the mechanisms underlying the relationship between the habenula and the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders are far from being fully understood, and still need further investigation. This review provides a closer look at key findings from animal and human studies illustrating the role of the habenula in mood disorders, schizophrenia, and substance use disorder, and discusses the clinical potential of using this structure as a therapeutic target.
缰核是位于背侧脑内传导系统中心的一个丘脑结构，该系统连接大脑前区和中脑区域。缰核由内侧和外侧两个亚区组成，主要通过髓纹（SM）接收来自边缘系统和基底神经节的输入，并通过返折束（FR）投射到中脑区域。越来越多的研究表明，该结构与奖赏回路功能失调相关的精神疾病有关，特别是心境障碍、精神分裂症和物质使用障碍。然而，尽管在研究方面取得了重大进展，但缰核与精神疾病病理生理学之间关系的机制仍远未完全理解，仍需要进一步研究。本综述更详细地介绍了动物和人类研究中的关键发现，这些发现说明了缰核在心境障碍、精神分裂症和物质使用障碍中的作用，并讨论了将该结构用作治疗靶点的临床潜力。
