Pikor Natalia B, Cupovic Jovana, Onder Lucas, Gommerman Jennifer L, Ludewig Burkhard
Institute of Immunobiology, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, CH-9007 St. Gallen, Switzerland; and.
Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.
J Immunol. 2017 Mar 1;198(5):1775-1781. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601566.
Inflammation in the CNS must be tightly regulated to respond efficiently to infection with neurotropic pathogens. Access of immune cells to the CNS and their positioning within the tissue are controlled by stromal cells that construct the barriers of the CNS. Although the role of the endothelium in regulating the passage of leukocytes and small molecules into the CNS has been studied extensively, the contribution of fibroblastic stromal cells as portals of entry into the CNS was only recently uncovered. We review the critical immune-stimulating role of meningeal fibroblasts in promoting recruitment and retention of lymphocytes during CNS inflammation. Activated meningeal fibroblastic stromal cells have the capacity to rapidly elaborate an immune-competent niche that sustains protective immune cells entering the CNS from the draining cervical lymph node. Such stromal cell niches can ultimately foster the establishment of tertiary lymphoid tissues during chronic neuroinflammatory conditions.
中枢神经系统（CNS）中的炎症必须受到严格调控，以便有效地应对嗜神经病原体感染。免疫细胞进入中枢神经系统以及它们在组织内的定位，由构建中枢神经系统屏障的基质细胞控制。尽管内皮细胞在调节白细胞和小分子进入中枢神经系统方面的作用已得到广泛研究，但成纤维细胞基质细胞作为进入中枢神经系统的门户的作用直到最近才被发现。我们综述了脑膜成纤维细胞在中枢神经系统炎症期间促进淋巴细胞募集和滞留方面的关键免疫刺激作用。活化的脑膜成纤维细胞基质细胞能够迅速构建一个具有免疫活性的微环境，维持从引流颈淋巴结进入中枢神经系统的保护性免疫细胞。这种基质细胞微环境最终可促进慢性神经炎症状态下三级淋巴组织的形成。
