Saeedi Borujeni Mohammad Javad, Esfandiary Ebrahim, Almasi-Dooghaee Mostafa
Department of Anatomical Sciences and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Neurology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Otorhinolaryngol. 2017 Jan;29(90):47-52.
Dystonia is a disorder of movement caused by various etiologies. Laryngeal dystonia is caused by the spasm of laryngeal muscles. It is a disorder caused by vocal fold movement in which excessive adduction or abduction of the vocal folds occurs during speech. The pathophysiology of this type of dystonia is not fully known. Some researchers have suggested that basal ganglia structures and their connections with cortical areas have been involved in the pathogenesis of dystonia.
In this paper a 7.5-year-old boy suffering from laryngeal dystonia with bilateral lesions in Globus Pallidus is presented. The patient also suffered from swallowing problems, monotone voice, vocal tremor, hypersensitivity of gag reflex, and stuttering. Drug treatment failed to cure him; therefore, he was referred to rehabilitation therapy.
In conclusion, special attention should be brought upon laryngeal dystonia, especially in patients showing Extra-pyramidal symptoms and/or abnormalities of the basal ganglia. In children, laryngeal dystonia may be potentially fatal. Lack of consideration for this condition during rehabilitation therapy can lead to serious consequences for a child.
肌张力障碍是一种由多种病因引起的运动障碍。喉肌张力障碍由喉部肌肉痉挛所致。它是一种因声带运动引起的障碍，在说话时声带会出现过度内收或外展。这种类型的肌张力障碍的病理生理学尚未完全明确。一些研究人员认为基底神经节结构及其与皮质区域的连接参与了肌张力障碍的发病机制。
本文介绍了一名7.5岁患有喉肌张力障碍且双侧苍白球病变的男孩。该患者还存在吞咽问题、声音单调、声带震颤、咽反射过敏和口吃。药物治疗未能治愈他；因此，他被转介接受康复治疗。
总之，应特别关注喉肌张力障碍，尤其是那些表现出锥体外系症状和/或基底神经节异常的患者。在儿童中，喉肌张力障碍可能具有潜在致命性。康复治疗期间若未考虑到这种情况，可能会给儿童带来严重后果。
