Rogić Vidaković Maja, Gunjača Ivana, Bukić Josipa, Košta Vana, Šoda Joško, Konstantinović Ivan, Bošković Braco, Bilić Irena, Režić Mužinić Nikolina
Laboratory for Human and Experimental Neurophysiology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia.
Department of Medical Biology, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, Croatia.
J Clin Med. 2022 Jun 15;11(12):3453. doi: 10.3390/jcm11123453.
Focal laryngeal dystonia (LD) is a rare, idiopathic disease affecting the laryngeal musculature with an unknown cause and clinically presented as adductor LD or rarely as abductor LD. The most effective treatment options include the injection of botulinum toxin (BoNT) into the affected laryngeal muscle. The aim of this narrative review is to summarize the patho-neuro-physiological and genetic background of LD, as well as the standard recommended therapy (BoNT) and pharmacological treatment options, and to discuss possible treatment perspectives using neuro-modulation techniques such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and vibrotactile stimulation. The review will present two LD cases, patients with adductor and abductor LD, standard diagnostic procedure, treatments and achievement, and the results of cortical excitability mapping the primary motor cortex for the representation of the laryngeal muscles in the assessment of corticospinal and corticobulbar excitability.
局灶性喉肌张力障碍（LD）是一种罕见的特发性疾病，影响喉肌，病因不明，临床上表现为内收型LD，很少表现为外展型LD。最有效的治疗选择包括向受影响的喉肌注射肉毒杆菌毒素（BoNT）。本叙述性综述的目的是总结LD的病理神经生理学和遗传背景，以及标准推荐治疗（BoNT）和药物治疗选择，并讨论使用重复经颅磁刺激（rTMS）和振动触觉刺激等神经调节技术的可能治疗前景。该综述将介绍两例LD病例，内收型和外展型LD患者、标准诊断程序、治疗方法和成果，以及在评估皮质脊髓和皮质延髓兴奋性时对初级运动皮层进行皮质兴奋性映射以表示喉肌的结果。
