de Treigny O Merigot, Roumiguie M, Deudon R, de Bonnecaze G, Carfagna L, Chaynes P, Rimailho J, Chantalat E
Laboratory of Applied Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
Department of Urology, Rangueil Hospital, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
Surg Radiol Anat. 2017 Sep;39(9):961-965. doi: 10.1007/s00276-017-1828-9. Epub 2017 Feb 22.
The aim of our study was to clarify the origin of the inferior vesical artery and determine its existence in women.
This descriptive study is based on 25 dissections (6 male and 19 female cadavers). We dissected the internal iliac artery and its branches from the iliac bifurcation, bilaterally and comparatively. Each arterial branch supplying the bladder was identified and dissected as far as the bladder.
In total, 50 topographies of the bladder vascularization were visualised. The inferior vesical artery was observed in 92% of the male subjects and in 47.4% of the female subjects. In the male cadavers, it arose from the internal iliac artery in 72.7% of cases and from the umbilical artery in 27.3% of cases. In the female cadavers, it arose from a common trunk with the umbilical artery and the uterine artery in 33.3% of cases and directly from the umbilical artery in 33.3% with one terminal branch supplying the upper part of the vagina. In two female subjects, the inferior vesical artery arose from the first segment of the uterine artery (22.2%), and in one subject from the obturator artery (11.1%).
The inferior vesical artery is not specific to the male sex. The contradictions found in the literature of this artery are due to the variations observed in pelvic vascularization and to the close connections between vaginal and bladder vascularisation in women. However, surgeons should consider these variations, to prevent bladder devascularization by non-selective ligation.
我们研究的目的是阐明膀胱下动脉的起源，并确定其在女性中的存在情况。
这项描述性研究基于25例解剖（6具男性尸体和19具女性尸体）。我们从髂总动脉分叉处双侧并对比解剖髂内动脉及其分支。识别并解剖每一条供应膀胱的动脉分支直至膀胱。
总共观察到50个膀胱血管分布情况。在92%的男性受试者和47.4%的女性受试者中观察到膀胱下动脉。在男性尸体中，72.7%的情况下它起源于髂内动脉，27.3%的情况下起源于脐动脉。在女性尸体中，33.3%的情况下它与脐动脉和子宫动脉共干起源，33.3%的情况下直接起源于脐动脉，有一个终末分支供应阴道上部。在两名女性受试者中，膀胱下动脉起源于子宫动脉的第一段（22.2%），在一名受试者中起源于闭孔动脉（11.1%）。
膀胱下动脉并非男性特有的。该动脉文献中发现的矛盾是由于盆腔血管分布的变异以及女性阴道和膀胱血管分布之间的紧密联系。然而，外科医生应考虑这些变异，以防止因非选择性结扎导致膀胱缺血。
