活捉与异氟烷麻醉对野生美洲貂（貂属美洲貂）的影响。

Spriggs Maria C, Muller Lisa I, Keenlance Paul, Sanders Robert L, Witt Jill C, Miller Debra L

1 Mesker Park Zoo & Botanic Garden, 1545 Mesker Park Drive, Evansville, Indiana 47720, USA.

2 Department of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries, University of Tennessee, 274 Ellington Plant Sciences Building, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA.

J Wildl Dis. 2017 Jul;53(3):447-458. doi: 10.7589/2016-06-143. Epub 2017 Feb 23.

Seventy-two free-ranging American martens ( Martes americana ) in Michigan, US were immobilized using isoflurane from 2011 to 2015. In total, 129 anesthetic procedures were performed with no mortalities. Hypothermia and hyperthermia were the most common anesthetic complications, and the mean rectal temperatures were significantly higher during summer than in winter. Dental abnormalities were common; the majority of abnormal findings were broken or discolored teeth attributed to previous dental trauma and were not trap-induced. Blood (n=72) was analyzed from 53 martens for venous blood gas, lactate, hematocrit, and/or selected serum biochemistry analytes. Lactate concentration was measured by two different devices (VetScan i-STAT 1 and Lactate Plus) and compared for clinical agreement for 26 samples. Both methods for lactate measurement provided statistically similar results. Using domestic feline reference ranges, the acid-base status and relative arterial oxygen saturation of anesthetized martens in this study were normal as determined by blood pH and pulse oximetry, respectively. Serum biochemistry parameters, multiple environmental parameters, and marten-specific attributes were evaluated for their influence on lactate in American martens using linear regression and an information-theoretic approach with model averaging. Blood urea nitrogen was in all of the top models and was positively related to lactate (β=0.02, 95% confidence interval: 0.00-0.04). Initial body temperature, ambient temperature, and time from trap discovery until immobilization of martens were informative predictors for lactate level. Recommendations for the live-trapping and isoflurane anesthesia of free-ranging martens include using caution during warmer summer months, minimizing disturbance prior to induction, monitoring lactate in addition to vital rates, and being prepared to prevent or treat both hypothermia and hyperthermia during any time of year.

2011年至2015年期间，美国密歇根州的72只自由放养的美洲貂（貂属美洲貂）使用异氟烷进行了麻醉。总共进行了129次麻醉手术，无一死亡。体温过低和体温过高是最常见的麻醉并发症，夏季的平均直肠温度显著高于冬季。牙齿异常很常见；大多数异常发现是由于先前的牙齿创伤导致的牙齿折断或变色，而非诱捕所致。从53只貂中采集了血液（n = 72），用于分析静脉血气、乳酸、血细胞比容和/或选定的血清生化分析物。使用两种不同的设备（VetScan i-STAT 1和Lactate Plus）测量乳酸浓度，并对26个样本的临床一致性进行了比较。两种乳酸测量方法提供的统计结果相似。根据家猫的参考范围，本研究中麻醉貂的酸碱状态和相对动脉血氧饱和度分别通过血液pH值和脉搏血氧饱和度测定为正常。使用线性回归和带有模型平均的信息论方法，评估了血清生化参数、多个环境参数和貂特异性属性对美洲貂乳酸的影响。血尿素氮在所有顶级模型中均有出现，且与乳酸呈正相关（β = 0.02，95%置信区间：0.00 - 0.04）。初始体温、环境温度以及从发现诱捕装置到貂被麻醉的时间是乳酸水平的有效预测指标。对于自由放养貂的活体诱捕和异氟烷麻醉的建议包括：在较温暖的夏季月份要谨慎操作，诱导前尽量减少干扰，除了生命体征外还要监测乳酸水平，并随时准备在一年中的任何时候预防或治疗体温过低和体温过高。