Šidlovská Miroslava, Petrovičová Ida, Kolena Branislav, Pilka Tomáš, Šovčíková Eva, Trnovec Tomáš
Rev Environ Health. 2017 Mar 1;32(1-2):211-214. doi: 10.1515/reveh-2016-0028.
Phthalates are environmental pollutants that can enter the human body by ingestion, inhalation and dermal absorption. Food constitutes the most important source of human exposure to these chemicals. The aim of our study was the biological monitoring of exposure to eight phthalate metabolites in children (n=107), 10-12 years of age, living in eastern Slovakia. Additionally, we analysed some associations between anthropometric measures, questionnaire data (i.e. eating and drinking habits, practice of personal care products) and concentrations of phthalate metabolites. Because of the short half-life of phthalates, within 24-48 h, we used 24-h recalls to assess dietary intakes. We used high-performance liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry for the analysis of spot urine samples to determine concentrations of phthalate metabolites mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP), mono-n-butyl phthalate, mono-iso-butyl phthalate, mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP), mono (2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (5OH-MEHP), mono(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (5oxo-MEHP), mono-carboxy pentyl and mono (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP). We found statistically significant association between consumer practices and concentration of some phthalate metabolites, concretely consumption of milk and dairy products with MBzP and margarine with MEP (p<0.01 in both cases) and margarine with 5oxo-MEHP, hot beverages with 5OH-MEHP, baguettes and semifinished products with MEP (p<0.05 in all cases). Further, we found relationship between use of cosmetic products and phthalate concentrations, nail polish application and MEP and use of body lotion and MEHP (p<0.05 in both cases). We concluded that consumer practices (including eating and drinking habits and personal care) represent the substantial source of phthalate exposure in Slovak children.
邻苯二甲酸盐是环境污染物，可通过摄入、吸入和皮肤吸收进入人体。食物是人类接触这些化学物质的最重要来源。我们研究的目的是对生活在斯洛伐克东部的107名10至12岁儿童接触八种邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物的情况进行生物监测。此外，我们分析了人体测量指标、问卷调查数据（即饮食和饮水习惯、个人护理产品使用情况）与邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物浓度之间的一些关联。由于邻苯二甲酸盐的半衰期较短，在24至48小时内，我们使用24小时回忆法来评估饮食摄入量。我们使用高效液相色谱和串联质谱法分析随机尿液样本，以确定邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物单乙基邻苯二甲酸酯（MEP）、单正丁基邻苯二甲酸酯、单异丁基邻苯二甲酸酯、单苄基邻苯二甲酸酯（MBzP）、单（2-乙基-5-羟基己基）邻苯二甲酸酯（5OH-MEHP）、单（2-乙基-5-氧代己基）邻苯二甲酸酯（5oxo-MEHP）、单羧基戊基和单（2-乙基己基）邻苯二甲酸酯（MEHP）的浓度。我们发现消费行为与某些邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物浓度之间存在统计学上的显著关联，具体而言，食用牛奶和乳制品与MBzP、食用人造黄油与MEP（两种情况均p<0.01）、食用人造黄油与5oxo-MEHP、饮用热饮与5OH-MEHP、食用法棍面包和半成品与MEP（所有情况均p<0.05）。此外，我们发现使用化妆品与邻苯二甲酸酯浓度之间存在关系，涂指甲油与MEP、使用身体乳液与MEHP（两种情况均p<0.05）。我们得出结论，消费行为（包括饮食和饮水习惯以及个人护理）是斯洛伐克儿童邻苯二甲酸酯暴露的重要来源。
