Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
The Royal Free Hospital and University College London Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, London, UK.
Gut. 2018 Mar;67(3):430-440. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2016-313589. Epub 2017 Feb 23.
Gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms are common in the community, but there has been no definitive systematic review and meta-analysis of data from all studies to estimate their global prevalence, or potential risk factors for them.
Medline, Embase and Embase Classic were searched (until September 2016) to identify population-based studies that reported the prevalence of gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms in adults (≥15 years); gastro-oesophageal reflux was defined using symptom-based criteria or questionnaires. The prevalence was extracted for all studies, and according to the criteria used to define it. Pooled prevalence, according to study location and certain other characteristics, OR and 95% CIs were calculated.
Of the 14 132 citations evaluated, 102 reported the prevalence of gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms in 108 separate study populations, containing 460 984 subjects. Prevalence varied according to country (from 2.5% in China to 51.2% in Greece) and criteria used to define gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms. When only studies using a weekly frequency of heart burn or regurgitation to define presence were considered, pooled prevalence was 13.3% (95% CI 12.0% to 14.6%). Prevalence was higher in subjects ≥50 years (OR 1.32; 95% CI 1.12 to 1.54), smokers (OR 1.26; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.52), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)/aspirin users (OR 1.44; 95% CI 1.10 to 1.88) and obese individuals (OR 1.73; 95% CI 1.46 to 2.06).
The prevalence of gastro-oesophageal reflux symptoms varied strikingly among countries, even when similar definitions were used to define their presence. Prevalence was significantly higher in subjects ≥50 years, smokers, NSAID users and obese individuals, although these associations were modest.
胃食管反流症状在社区中很常见，但目前尚无针对所有研究数据的明确系统评价和荟萃分析来评估其全球患病率，或其潜在的危险因素。
检索了 Medline、Embase 和 Embase Classic（截至 2016 年 9 月），以确定报告成人（≥15 岁）胃食管反流症状患病率的基于人群的研究；胃食管反流通过基于症状的标准或问卷来定义。提取了所有研究的患病率，并根据定义它的标准。根据研究地点和其他某些特征计算了 pooled prevalence、OR 和 95%CI。
在评估的 14132 条引文中有 102 条报告了 108 个独立研究人群中的胃食管反流症状患病率，其中包含 460984 名受试者。患病率因国家而异（中国为 2.5%，希腊为 51.2%），也因用于定义胃食管反流症状的标准而异。当仅考虑使用每周烧心或反流的频率来定义存在的研究时，pooled prevalence 为 13.3%（95%CI 12.0%至 14.6%）。在年龄≥50 岁的受试者中（OR 1.32；95%CI 1.12 至 1.54）、吸烟者（OR 1.26；95%CI 1.04 至 1.52）、非甾体抗炎药（NSAID）/阿司匹林使用者（OR 1.44；95%CI 1.10 至 1.88）和肥胖个体（OR 1.73；95%CI 1.46 至 2.06）中，患病率较高。
即使使用类似的标准来定义其存在，胃食管反流症状的患病率在国家之间也存在显著差异。在年龄≥50 岁、吸烟者、NSAID 使用者和肥胖个体中，患病率显著较高，尽管这些关联较小。
