O'Mahony Siobhain M, Clarke Gerard, Dinan Timothy G, Cryan John F
Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
APC Microbiome Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2017;239:219-246. doi: 10.1007/164_2016_128.
Irritable bowel syndrome is a functional gastrointestinal disorder, with stress playing a major role in onset and exacerbation of symptoms such as abdominal pain and altered bowel movements. Stress-related disorders including anxiety and depression often precede the development of irritable bowel syndrome and vice versa. Stressor exposure during early life has the potential to increase an individual's susceptibility to both irritable bowel syndrome and psychiatric disease indicating that there may be a common origin for these disorders. Moreover, adverse early life events significantly impact upon many of the communication pathways within the brain-gut-microbiota axis, which allows bidirectional interaction between the central nervous system and the gastrointestinal tract. This axis is proposed to be perturbed in irritable bowel syndrome and studies now indicate that dysfunction of this axis is also seen in psychiatric disease. Here we review the co-morbidity of irritable bowel syndrome and psychiatric disease with their common origin in mind in relation to the impact of early life stress on the developing brain-gut-microbiota axis. We also discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting this axis in these diseases.
肠易激综合征是一种功能性胃肠疾病，压力在腹痛和排便习惯改变等症状的发作和加重中起主要作用。包括焦虑和抑郁在内的应激相关障碍往往先于肠易激综合征出现，反之亦然。早年生活中接触应激源有可能增加个体患肠易激综合征和精神疾病的易感性，这表明这些疾病可能有共同的起源。此外，早年不良生活事件会显著影响脑-肠-微生物群轴内的许多通信通路，该轴允许中枢神经系统与胃肠道之间进行双向相互作用。有人提出该轴在肠易激综合征中受到干扰，现在研究表明在精神疾病中也可见到该轴功能障碍。在此，我们回顾肠易激综合征与精神疾病的共病情况，考虑到它们的共同起源与早年生活应激对发育中的脑-肠-微生物群轴的影响。我们还讨论了针对该轴在这些疾病中的治疗潜力。
