Williams Valerie F, Stahlman Shauna, Oh Gi-Taik
MSMR. 2017 Feb;24(2):15-21.
From 1 January 2013 through 31 December 2015, a total of 3,912 medical evacuations of service members from the U.S. Central Command area of responsibility were followed by at least one medical encounter in a fixed medical facility outside the operational theater. Overall, there were more medical evacuations for mental disorders than for any other category of illnesses or injuries. Among all service members, annual rates of medical evacuations attributable to battle injuries decreased from 3.4 per 1,000 deployed personyears (dp-yrs) in 2013 to a low of 0.7 per 1,000 dp-yrs in 2015. Annual rates of medical evacuations attributable to non-battle injuries and illnesses were relatively stable during 2013-2014 but decreased by 43.1% in 2015. The overall rate of medical evacuations was higher among females than males. Overall medical evacuation rates were highest among black, non-Hispanic and white, non-Hispanic service members and lowest among service members of "other" or unknown race/ethnicity. Compared to their respective counterparts, rates of evacuation were higher among deployers aged 40 years or older, in the Army or Marine Corps, in the reserve component, enlisted (junior or senior), and in armor/motor transport or combat-specific occupations. The majority of service members who were evacuated were returned to normal duty status following their post-evacuation hospitalizations or outpatient encounters.
从2013年1月1日至2015年12月31日，美国中央司令部责任区内共有3912名服役人员接受了医疗后送，之后他们在战区外的固定医疗机构至少接受了一次医疗诊治。总体而言，因精神障碍接受医疗后送的人数多于因其他任何疾病或损伤接受医疗后送的人数。在所有服役人员中，因战斗受伤导致的年度医疗后送率从2013年的每1000部署人年（dp-yrs）3.4例降至2015年的最低点，即每1000 dp-yrs 0.7例。2013 - 2014年期间，因非战斗受伤和疾病导致的年度医疗后送率相对稳定，但在2015年下降了43.1%。女性的总体医疗后送率高于男性。在黑人非西班牙裔和白人非西班牙裔服役人员中，总体医疗后送率最高，而在“其他”或种族/族裔不明的服役人员中最低。与各自的对应人员相比，40岁及以上的部署人员、陆军或海军陆战队人员、后备役人员、应征入伍人员（初级或高级）以及装甲/摩托运输或特定战斗职业的人员，其后送率更高。大多数接受后送的服役人员在撤离后住院治疗或门诊诊治后恢复了正常服役状态。
