Foo Shawna A, Byrne Maria
School of Medical Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Schools of Medical and Biological Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Mar Environ Res. 2017 Jul;128:12-24. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.02.004. Epub 2017 Feb 17.
In marine invertebrates, the environmental history of the mother can influence fecundity and egg size. Acclimation of females in climate change stressors, increased temperature and low pH, results in a decrease in egg number and size in many taxa, with the exception of cephalopods, where eggs increase in size. With respect to spawned eggs, near future levels of ocean acidification can interfere with the egg's block to polyspermy and intracellular pH. Reduction of the extracellular egg jelly coat seen in low pH conditions has implications for impaired egg function and fertilization. Some fast generation species (e.g. copepods, polychaetes) have shown restoration of female reproductive output after several generations in treatments. It will be important to determine if the changes to egg number and size induced by exposure to climate change stressors are heritable.
在海洋无脊椎动物中，母体的环境经历会影响繁殖力和卵的大小。让雌性动物适应气候变化压力因素，即温度升高和pH值降低，会导致许多分类群的卵数量和大小减少，但头足类动物除外，它们的卵大小会增加。关于产出的卵，未来海洋酸化水平可能会干扰卵对多精入卵的阻断以及细胞内pH值。在低pH条件下观察到的卵外胶膜减少会影响卵的功能和受精。一些繁殖周期短的物种（如桡足类动物、多毛纲动物）在经过几代处理后，雌性生殖产出已显示出恢复。确定暴露于气候变化压力因素引起的卵数量和大小变化是否可遗传将很重要。
