Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy.
Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Naples, Italy.
Biomolecules. 2023 Aug 4;13(8):1216. doi: 10.3390/biom13081216.
The functioning of the immune and reproductive systems is crucial for the fitness and survival of species and is strongly influenced by the environment. To evaluate the effects of short-term heat stress (HS) on these systems, confirming and deepening previous studies, female sea urchin were exposed for 7 days to 17 °C, 23 and 28 °C. Several biomarkers were detected such as the ferric reducing power (FRAP), ABTS-based total antioxidant capacity (TAC-ABTS), nitric oxide metabolites (NO), total thiol levels (TTL), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and protease (PA) activities in the coelomic fluid (CF) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), HO content and intracellular pH (pH) in eggs and coelomocytes, in which TAC-ABTS and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) were also analyzed. In the sea urchins exposed to HS, CF analysis showed a decrease in FRAP levels and an increase in TAC-ABTS, TTL, MPO and PA levels; in coelomocytes, RNS, MMP and HO content increased, whereas pH decreased; in eggs, increases in MMP, HO content and pH were found. In conclusion, short-term HS leads to changes in five out of the six CF biomarkers analyzed and functional alterations in the cells involved in either reproductive or immune activities.
免疫系统和生殖系统的功能对于物种的适应能力和生存至关重要，并且强烈受到环境的影响。为了评估短期热应激 (HS) 对这些系统的影响，我们证实并深化了以前的研究，将雌性海胆暴露于 17°C、23°C 和 28°C 下 7 天。检测了几种生物标志物，如铁还原能力（FRAP）、ABTS 法总抗氧化能力（TAC-ABTS）、一氧化氮代谢物（NO）、总巯基水平（TTL）、髓过氧化物酶（MPO）和蛋白酶（PA）在体腔液（CF）和线粒体膜电位（MMP）、HO 含量和卵和体腔细胞内 pH（pH）中的活性，其中还分析了 TAC-ABTS 和活性氮物种（RNS）。在暴露于 HS 的海胆中，CF 分析显示 FRAP 水平降低，TAC-ABTS、TTL、MPO 和 PA 水平升高；在体腔细胞中，RNS、MMP 和 HO 含量增加，而 pH 值降低；在卵中，发现 MMP、HO 含量和 pH 值升高。总之，短期 HS 导致六种 CF 生物标志物中的五种发生变化，并导致参与生殖或免疫活动的细胞功能发生改变。
