Kongsholm Nana Cecilie Halmsted, Kappel Klemens
Bioethics. 2017 Jul;31(6):432-442. doi: 10.1111/bioe.12342. Epub 2017 Feb 27.
Informed consent is considered by many to be a moral imperative in medical research. However, it is increasingly acknowledged that in many actual instances of consent to participation in medical research, participants do not employ the provided information in their decision to consent, but rather consent based on the trust they hold in the researcher or research enterprise. In this article we explore whether trust-based consent is morally inferior to information-based consent. We analyse the moral values essential to valid consent - autonomy, voluntariness, non-manipulation, and non-exploitation - and assess whether these values are less protected and promoted by consent based on trust than they are by consent based on information. We find that this is not the case, and thus conclude that trust-based consent if not morally inferior to information-based consent.
许多人认为知情同意是医学研究中的一项道德要求。然而，人们越来越认识到，在许多实际的参与医学研究的同意案例中，参与者在做出同意决定时并未利用所提供的信息，而是基于他们对研究者或研究机构的信任而同意。在本文中，我们探讨基于信任的同意在道德上是否低于基于信息的同意。我们分析了有效同意所必需的道德价值观——自主性、自愿性、非操纵性和非剥削性——并评估这些价值观在基于信任的同意中是否比在基于信息的同意中受到的保护和促进更少。我们发现情况并非如此，因此得出结论，基于信任的同意在道德上并不低于基于信息的同意。
