Zukowski Lisa A, Martin Jasmine M, Scronce Gabrielle, Lewek Michael D, Plummer Prudence
Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Bondurant 3020, CB# 7135, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA.
Human Movement Science Curriculum, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2017 Apr;117(4):679-686. doi: 10.1007/s00421-017-3536-x. Epub 2017 Feb 27.
Our aim was to examine whether cognitive processing during walking increases the metabolic cost of transport in healthy young adults.
Twenty healthy, young adults completed five conditions: (1) walking at a self-selected speed (spontaneous single-task), (2) seated resting (baseline), (3) performing cognitive task while seated (cognitive single-task), (4) walking while simultaneously performing the cognitive task (dual-task), and (5) single-task walking at a speed that matched the participant's dual-task gait speed (matched single-task). Rate of oxygen consumption (V̇O) was recorded during all conditions. Gait speed and cost of walking (Cw; oxygen consumed per distance traveled) were recorded during all walking conditions. Reaction time and accuracy of responses in the cognitive task were recorded during all cognitive task conditions. Data from the fifth minute of each 5-min condition were analyzed.
There was no difference in V̇O between the dual-task and matched single-task walking conditions. V̇O in the seated cognitive condition was significantly smaller than both walking conditions, but was not significantly different than zero. Cw was significantly greater during the matched single-task walking condition than during the dual-task walking condition. However, the difference in Cw was so small that it is unlikely to be clinically significant (0.008 mLO/kg/m, 95% CI 0.002-0.014).
Cognitive processing while walking may not increase energy demands of walking in healthy young adults. Maintaining non-preferred gait speed (matched speed) overground continuously for 5 min may require attentional resources, and thereby increase metabolic costs relative to walking at habitual speed.
我们的目的是研究健康年轻成年人在行走过程中的认知处理是否会增加运输的代谢成本。
20名健康的年轻成年人完成了五种情况：（1）以自我选择的速度行走（自发单任务），（2）坐着休息（基线），（3）坐着时执行认知任务（认知单任务），（4）行走时同时执行认知任务（双任务），以及（5）以与参与者双任务步态速度相匹配的速度进行单任务行走（匹配单任务）。在所有情况下记录耗氧率（V̇O）。在所有行走情况下记录步态速度和行走成本（Cw；每行进距离消耗的氧气）。在所有认知任务情况下记录认知任务中的反应时间和反应准确性。分析每个5分钟情况的第五分钟的数据。
双任务行走情况和匹配单任务行走情况之间的V̇O没有差异。坐着认知情况下的V̇O明显小于两种行走情况，但与零没有显著差异。匹配单任务行走情况下的Cw明显高于双任务行走情况下的Cw。然而，Cw的差异非常小，不太可能具有临床意义（0.008 mLO/kg/m，95% CI 0.002 - 0.014）。
健康年轻成年人在行走时进行认知处理可能不会增加行走的能量需求。在地面上连续5分钟保持非偏好步态速度（匹配速度）可能需要注意力资源，从而相对于以习惯速度行走增加代谢成本。
