Liang Jiwei, Zhang Yanlei, Xue Aili, Sun Jianping, Song Xin, Xue Bai, Ji Fuling, Gao Weiguo, He Liang, Pang Zengchang, Qiao Qing, Ning Feng
Qingdao Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao, China.
Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2017 Mar;26(2):255-261. doi: 10.6133/apjcn.012016.03.
Fruit, vegetable, seafood, and dairy intake may reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes, but this relationship is unclear. We aimed to examine the associations between fruit, vegetable, seafood, and dairy intake and type 2 diabetes prevalence in a Chinese population.
A total of 4,343 individuals aged 35-74 years participated in a population-based cross-sectional study in Qingdao, China. The frequency and quantity of fruit, vegetable, seafood, and dairy intake were determined using a standard food frequency questionnaire. Diabetes was classified according to the WHO/IDF 2006 criteria. Logistic regression analysis was employed to estimate odds ratio (OR) for type 2 diabetes in relation to fruit, vegetable, seafood, and dairy intake in a multivariable model.
The multivariate-adjusted ORs (95% confidence interval) for the presence of type 2 diabetes were 0.68 (0.46-0.98), 0.50 (0.37-0.68), and 0.91 (0.66-1.25), respectively, for the highest versus the lowest groups regarding total fruit and vegetable, fruit or vegetable intake in women. The ORs for type 2 diabetes prevalence regarding the quantity of fruit and vegetable, fruit, and yogurt intake were 0.88 (0.78-0.99), 0.71 (0.61-0.82), and 0.56 (0.32-0.98) in women, but not in men. Seafood consumption was inversely associated with diabetes risk in men, but not in women; the corresponding figures were 0.58 (0.35-0.96) and 0.92 (0.63-1.36), respectively.
Fruit, vegetable, and yogurt intake in women and seafood intake in men were inversely associated with type 2 diabetes prevalence in this Chinese population. These findings require confirmation in a prospective study.
水果、蔬菜、海鲜和乳制品的摄入可能会降低2型糖尿病的风险，但这种关系尚不清楚。我们旨在研究中国人群中水果、蔬菜、海鲜和乳制品的摄入量与2型糖尿病患病率之间的关联。
共有4343名年龄在35 - 74岁的个体参与了在中国青岛进行的一项基于人群的横断面研究。使用标准食物频率问卷确定水果、蔬菜、海鲜和乳制品的摄入频率和数量。根据世界卫生组织/国际糖尿病联盟2006年标准对糖尿病进行分类。采用逻辑回归分析在多变量模型中估计与水果、蔬菜、海鲜和乳制品摄入量相关的2型糖尿病的比值比（OR）。
在女性中，就水果和蔬菜总量、水果或蔬菜摄入量而言，最高组与最低组相比，2型糖尿病存在的多变量调整OR（95%置信区间）分别为0.68（0.46 - 0.98）、0.50（0.37 - 0.68）和0.91（0.66 - 1.25）。在女性中，就水果和蔬菜量、水果以及酸奶摄入量而言，2型糖尿病患病率的OR分别为0.88（0.78 - 0.99）、0.71（0.61 - 0.82）和0.56（0.32 - 0.98），而在男性中无此关联。海鲜消费与男性糖尿病风险呈负相关，但与女性无关；相应数字分别为0.58（0.35 - 0.96）和0.92（0.63 - 1.36）。
在该中国人群中，女性的水果、蔬菜和酸奶摄入量以及男性的海鲜摄入量与2型糖尿病患病率呈负相关。这些发现需要在前瞻性研究中得到证实。
