Saenko V S, Gazimiev M A, Pesegov S V
I.M. Sechenov First MSMU, Department of Urology.
I.M. Sechenov First MSMU, University Clinical Hospital 2, I.M. Fronshteyn Clinic of Urology.
Urologiia. 2016 Apr(2 Suppl 2):87-94.
Urinary stone disease is a metabolic disorder tending to recur and having a growing proportion of younger patients. Current methods of surgical treatment do not guarantee the disease non-recurrence without effective subsequent metaphylaxis. At present, the principles of general and special (medical) metaphylaxis of urolithiasis have been developed and widely applied according to underlying metabolic disorders, the type of stone formation and risk factors for recurrence. Oversaturation of the urine with stone forming substances is a major factor in stone formation. Recommendations for using mineral water should not be given without a clear understanding of the expected effect of particular water. Its selection for treating urolithiasis depends on the chemical composition of the stones, underlying metabolic disorders, urine pH, the functional state of the gastrointestinal tract, concomitant diseases, etc.
尿路结石病是一种易复发的代谢紊乱疾病，且年轻患者的比例不断增加。目前的手术治疗方法如果没有有效的后续预防措施，无法保证疾病不复发。目前，根据潜在的代谢紊乱、结石形成类型和复发风险因素，已经制定并广泛应用了尿路结石病的一般和特殊（医学）预防原则。尿液中结石形成物质的过饱和是结石形成的主要因素。在没有清楚了解特定矿泉水预期效果的情况下，不应给出饮用矿泉水的建议。其用于治疗尿路结石病的选择取决于结石的化学成分、潜在的代谢紊乱、尿液pH值、胃肠道功能状态、伴随疾病等。
