Kolontarev K B, Govorov A V, Rasner P I, Sheptunov S A, Prilepskaya E A, Maltsev E G, Pushkar D Yu
Department of Urology MSMSU n.a. A.E. Evdokimov.
ICTI RAS.
Urologiia. 2015 Dec(6):122-129.
Since the first use of robotic surgical system in 2000, the robot-assisted technology has gained wide popularity throughout the world. Robot-assisted surgical training is a complex issue that requires significant efforts from students and teacher. During the last two decades, simulation-based training had received active development due to wide-spread occurrence and popularization of laparoscopic and robot-assisted surgical techniques. We performed a systematic review to identify the currently available simulators for robot-assisted surgery. We searched the Medline and Pubmed, English sources of literature data, using the following key words and phrases: "robotics", "robotic surgery", "computer assisted surgery", "simulation", "computer simulation", "virtual reality", "surgical training", and "surgical education". There were identified 565 publications, which meet the key words and phrases; 19 publications were selected for the final analysis. It was established that simulation-based training is the most promising teaching tool that can be used in the training of the next generation robotic surgeons. Today the use of simulators to train surgeons is validated. Price of devices is an obvious barrier for inclusion in the program for training of robotic surgeons, but the lack of this tool will result in a sharp increase in the duration of specialists training.
自2000年首次使用机器人手术系统以来，机器人辅助技术在全球范围内广受欢迎。机器人辅助手术培训是一个复杂的问题，需要学生和教师付出巨大努力。在过去二十年中，由于腹腔镜和机器人辅助手术技术的广泛出现和普及，基于模拟的培训得到了积极发展。我们进行了一项系统综述，以确定目前可用的机器人辅助手术模拟器。我们使用以下关键词和短语在医学文献数据库Medline和PubMed（英文文献数据源）中进行搜索：“机器人技术”、“机器人手术”、“计算机辅助手术”、“模拟”、“计算机模拟”、“虚拟现实”、“手术培训”和“手术教育”。共识别出565篇符合关键词和短语的出版物；最终选择了19篇出版物进行分析。结果表明，基于模拟的培训是最有前途的教学工具，可用于培养下一代机器人外科医生。如今，使用模拟器培训外科医生已得到验证。设备价格是纳入机器人外科医生培训计划的一个明显障碍，但缺乏这种工具将导致专科医生培训时间大幅增加。
