捕食性水生哺乳动物进食行为进化的行为框架。
A behavioural framework for the evolution of feeding in predatory aquatic mammals.
作者信息
Hocking David P, Marx Felix G, Park Travis, Fitzgerald Erich M G, Evans Alistair R
机构信息
School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
Geosciences, Museums Victoria, Melbourne, Australia.
出版信息
Proc Biol Sci. 2017 Mar 15;284(1850). doi: 10.1098/rspb.2016.2750.
Extant aquatic mammals are a key component of aquatic ecosystems. Their morphology, ecological role and behaviour are, to a large extent, shaped by their feeding ecology. Nevertheless, the nature of this crucial aspect of their biology is often oversimplified and, consequently, misinterpreted. Here, we introduce a new framework that categorizes the feeding cycle of predatory aquatic mammals into four distinct functional stages (prey capture, manipulation and processing, water removal and swallowing), and details the feeding behaviours that can be employed at each stage. Based on this comprehensive scheme, we propose that the feeding strategies of living aquatic mammals form an evolutionary sequence that recalls the land-to-water transition of their ancestors. Our new conception helps to explain and predict the origin of particular feeding styles, such as baleen-assisted filter feeding in whales and raptorial 'pierce' feeding in pinnipeds, and informs the structure of present and past ecosystems.
现存的水生哺乳动物是水生生态系统的关键组成部分。它们的形态、生态作用和行为在很大程度上受到其觅食生态的影响。然而，它们生物学这一关键方面的本质常常被过度简化，因此被误解。在这里，我们引入了一个新框架，将掠食性水生哺乳动物的进食周期分为四个不同的功能阶段（猎物捕获、操控与处理、排水和吞咽），并详细阐述了每个阶段可采用的进食行为。基于这一全面的方案，我们提出现存水生哺乳动物的进食策略形成了一个进化序列，让人联想到它们祖先从陆地到水中的转变。我们的新概念有助于解释和预测特定进食方式的起源，比如鲸鱼的须鲸辅助滤食和鳍足类动物的猛禽式“穿刺”进食，并为当前和过去生态系统的结构提供信息。
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