Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.
Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Chenggong District, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.
Phytomedicine. 2017 Mar 15;26:45-54. doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.01.007. Epub 2017 Jan 17.
The gut microbiota has been reported to play a critical role in metabolic diseases, including in diabetes. Polygonatum kingianum has been used in the treatment of diabetes and related diseases in China for centuries. Total saponins (TSPK) and total polysaccharides (PSPK) were reported to be major types of active constituents of P. kingianum. This research aims at investigation of their therapeutical mechanisms on diabetes based on the regulation of gut microbiota.
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) rats were induced by high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin-injection from male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. The blood biochemical indicators were measured. Intestinal microbial diversities and the overall structural changes in gut microbiota and the contents of the short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were discussed.
T2D rats were treated with TSPK (0.025 and 0.1g/kg) and PSPK (0.1g/kg) for 56 days. Major biochemical indexes, such as fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), were measured. Intestinal microbial diversities and the overall structural changes in gut microbiota were discussed based on the sequencing results on V4 region of 16S rDNA. Moreover, the contents of the SCFAs in faeces, which were fermentation products produced from gut microbiota were determined by gas chromatography (GC).
Oral administration of TSPK and PSPK prevented the increase of FBG. TSPK (0.025g/kg) enhancing the content of FINS at the end of research. Furthermore, TSPK and PSPK improved the intestinal microecology by decreasing the abundances of Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria, and increasing that of Firmicutes. However, TSPK.L, PSPK and TSPK.H displayed discrepant regulation roles on Firmicutes. TSPK.L and PSPK significantly increased the abundance of Ruminococcaceae family and Ruminococcus genus in Firmicutes phylum, however, TSPK.H increased the abundances of Veillonellaceae family and Anaerovibrio genus. 57 Key variables, altered after treated by TSPK and PSPK, correlated to the alternations of FBG, FINS, LPS and body weight were identified. In addition, TSPK.L, PSPK and TSPK.H showed different adjustment on the contents of SCFAs.
These results suggested that, compared to the normal rats, the structure of gut microbiota was significantly changed in diabetic rats. Oral administration with TSPK and PSPK could prevent T2D by its regulation role on the gut microbiota.
肠道微生物群已被报道在代谢疾病中发挥关键作用，包括糖尿病。黄精在我国已被用于治疗糖尿病及相关疾病数百年。总皂苷（TSPK）和总多糖（PSPK）被报道为黄精的主要活性成分类型。本研究旨在基于肠道微生物群的调节，探讨其对糖尿病的治疗机制。
通过高脂饮食（HFD）和链脲佐菌素注射诱导雄性 Sprague-Dawley（SD）大鼠产生 2 型糖尿病（T2D）。测量血液生化指标。讨论肠道微生物多样性以及肠道微生物群的整体结构变化和短链脂肪酸（SCFA）的含量。
T2D 大鼠用 TSPK（0.025 和 0.1g/kg）和 PSPK（0.1g/kg）治疗 56 天。测量主要生化指标，如空腹血糖（FBG）、空腹胰岛素（FINS）和脂多糖（LPS）。根据 16S rDNA V4 区的测序结果，讨论肠道微生物多样性和肠道微生物群的整体结构变化。此外，通过气相色谱（GC）测定粪便中发酵产物短链脂肪酸（SCFA）的含量。
口服 TSPK 和 PSPK 可防止 FBG 升高。TSPK（0.025g/kg）在研究结束时增加了 FINS 的含量。此外，TSPK 和 PSPK 通过降低厚壁菌门和变形菌门的丰度，增加拟杆菌门和梭菌门的丰度，改善肠道微生态。然而，TSPK.L、PSPK 和 TSPK.H 对梭菌门有不同的调节作用。TSPK.L 和 PSPK 显著增加了厚壁菌门中 Ruminococcaceae 科和 Ruminococcus 属的丰度，而 TSPK.H 增加了拟杆菌门中 Veillonellaceae 科和 Anaerovibrio 属的丰度。57 个关键变量在 TSPK 和 PSPK 处理后发生变化，与 FBG、FINS、LPS 和体重的变化相关。此外，TSPK.L、PSPK 和 TSPK.H 对 SCFA 的含量有不同的调节作用。
与正常大鼠相比，糖尿病大鼠肠道微生物群结构发生显著变化。口服 TSPK 和 PSPK 可通过调节肠道微生物群来预防 T2D。
