Al-Wrafy Fairoz, Brzozowska Ewa, Górska Sabina, Gamian Andrzej
Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland; Department of Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Sciences, Taiz University, Taiz, Yemen.
Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Wrocław, Poland.
Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online). 2017 Feb 14;71(0):78-91. doi: 10.5604/01.3001.0010.3792.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that can cause several acute and chronic infections in humans, and it has become an important cause of nosocomial infections and antibiotic resistance. Biofilm represents an important virulence factor for these bacteria, plays a role in P. aeruginosa infections and avoidance of immune defence mechanisms, and has the ability to protect the bacteria from antibiotics. Alginate, Psl and Pel, three exopolysaccharides, are the main components in biofilm matrix, with many biological functions attributed to them, especially with respect to the protection of the bacterial cell from antibiotics and the immune system. Pseudomonas infections, biofilm formation and development of resistance to antibiotics all require better understanding to achieve the best results using alternative treatment with phage therapy. This review describes the P. aeruginosa pathogenicity and virulence factors with a special focus on the biofilm and its role in infection and resistance to antibiotics and summarizes phage therapy as an alternative approach in treatment of P. aeruginosa infections.
铜绿假单胞菌是一种机会致病菌，可在人类中引起多种急性和慢性感染，已成为医院感染和抗生素耐药性的重要原因。生物膜是这些细菌的重要毒力因子，在铜绿假单胞菌感染及逃避免疫防御机制中发挥作用，并且有能力保护细菌免受抗生素影响。藻酸盐、Psl和Pel这三种胞外多糖是生物膜基质的主要成分，它们具有多种生物学功能，特别是在保护细菌细胞免受抗生素和免疫系统影响方面。铜绿假单胞菌感染、生物膜形成以及对抗生素耐药性的发展都需要深入了解，以便通过噬菌体疗法等替代治疗方法取得最佳效果。本综述描述了铜绿假单胞菌的致病性和毒力因子，特别关注生物膜及其在感染和抗生素耐药性中的作用，并总结了噬菌体疗法作为治疗铜绿假单胞菌感染的替代方法。
