Żwawiak Justyna, Zaprutko Lucjusz
Katedra i Zakład Chemii Organicznej Uniwersytetu Medycznego im. Karola Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu.
Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online). 2017 Feb 15;71(0):129-136. doi: 10.5604/01.3001.0010.3797.
Nowadays, dynamic development in nanotechnological sciences is observed. Nanoparticles are frequently used in medicine and pharmacy as delivery systems for different kinds of active substances. One of the latest developed substances, with an unusually wide scope of utility, is graphene. The ways of its use in different fields of industry, not only pharmaceutical and medical, have been a subject of study for many research groups since the moment of its development in 2004. Graphene in pure form is highly hydrophobic. However, the presence of defects on its surface allows chemical modifications to be made, e.g. introduction of oxygen groups by covalent bonding. Also, non-covalent modifications are extensively used, including van der Waals forces, hydrogen bonding, coordination bonds, electrostatic and π-π stacking interactions. Due to the large surface area, graphene can be used in combination therapy, consisting in simultaneous administration of two or more pharmacologically active agents. Another interesting approach is gene therapy. Application of the PEI-graphene oxide system increased the efficacy of transfection. Possibilities of graphene and graphene oxide are not limited to their use as active substance delivery systems. These compounds by themselves were also found to be bacteriostatic and antibacterial agents.
如今，纳米技术科学呈现出动态发展的态势。纳米颗粒在医学和药学中常被用作各类活性物质的递送系统。石墨烯是最新研发出的物质之一，具有异常广泛的用途。自2004年被研发出来后，其在不同工业领域（不仅是制药和医疗领域）的使用方式一直是许多研究团队的研究课题。纯净形式的石墨烯具有高度疏水性。然而，其表面存在的缺陷使得可以进行化学修饰，例如通过共价键引入氧基团。此外，非共价修饰也被广泛使用，包括范德华力、氢键、配位键、静电作用和π-π堆积相互作用。由于表面积大，石墨烯可用于联合治疗，即同时施用两种或更多种药理活性剂。另一种有趣的方法是基因治疗。PEI-氧化石墨烯系统的应用提高了转染效率。石墨烯和氧化石墨烯的用途不仅限于用作活性物质递送系统。这些化合物本身也被发现具有抑菌和抗菌作用。
