Zinovkin R A, Skulachev M V, Skulachev V P
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
Biochemistry (Mosc). 2016 Dec;81(12):1401-1405. doi: 10.1134/S0006297916120014.
The mitochondrial genome provides not only respiratory chain function, but it also ensures the impact of mitochondria on nearly all crucial metabolic processes. It is well known that mitochondria regulate aging and lifespan. However, until now there were no direct experimental data concerning the influence of various mitochondrial DNA variants on lifespan of animals with identical nuclear genome. In a recent paper of J. A. Enríquez and coworkers (Latorre-Pellicer, A., et al. (2016) Nature, 535, 561-565), it was shown that mice carrying nuclear DNA from one strain and mitochondrial DNA from another had longer median lifespan and retarded development of various aging traits. This review critically analyzes that paper and considers some aspects of the crosstalk between the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. We also discuss new perspectives of gerontology in the light of the discovery made by Enríquez's group.
线粒体基因组不仅提供呼吸链功能，还确保线粒体对几乎所有关键代谢过程产生影响。众所周知，线粒体调节衰老和寿命。然而，到目前为止，尚无关于各种线粒体DNA变体对具有相同核基因组的动物寿命影响的直接实验数据。在J. A.恩里克斯及其同事最近发表的一篇论文中（拉托雷 - 佩利塞，A.等人（2016年）《自然》，535卷，561 - 565页），研究表明，携带一个品系的核DNA和另一个品系的线粒体DNA的小鼠具有更长的中位寿命，并且各种衰老特征的发展也较为迟缓。这篇综述对该论文进行了批判性分析，并探讨了核基因组与线粒体基因组之间相互作用的一些方面。我们还根据恩里克斯团队的发现讨论了老年学的新前景。
