CEF Makromolekulare Komplexe, Mitochondriale Biologie, Fachbereich Medizin, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
Exp Gerontol. 2010 Aug;45(7-8):503-11. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2010.03.018. Epub 2010 May 6.
Mitochondria fulfill a number of essential cellular functions and play a key role in the aging process. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are predominantly generated in this organelle but next to inducing oxidative damage they act as signaling molecules. Autophagy is regulated by signaling ROS and is known to affect aging as well as neurodegenerative diseases. Many cellular components that influence autophagy are linked to longevity such as members of the sirtuin protein family. Recent studies further link mitochondrial dynamics to the removal of dysfunctional mitochondria by mitophagy, thereby representing a novel mechanism for the quality control of mitochondria. Here we summarize the current views on how mitochondrial function is linked to aging and we propose that quality control of mitochondria has a crucial role in counteracting the aging process.
线粒体具有多种重要的细胞功能，在衰老过程中发挥着关键作用。活性氧（ROS）主要在这个细胞器中产生，但除了诱导氧化损伤外，它们还作为信号分子发挥作用。自噬受信号 ROS 的调节，已知它会影响衰老以及神经退行性疾病。许多影响自噬的细胞成分与长寿有关，如 Sirtuin 蛋白家族的成员。最近的研究进一步将线粒体动力学与通过线粒体自噬去除功能失调的线粒体联系起来，从而为线粒体的质量控制提供了一种新的机制。在这里，我们总结了目前关于线粒体功能与衰老之间关系的观点，并提出了线粒体的质量控制在对抗衰老过程中起着至关重要的作用。
