Zeng Xiao-Wen, Qian Zhengmin Min, Vaughn Michael G, Nelson Erik J, Dharmage Shyamali C, Bowatte Gayan, Perret Jennifer, Chen Duo-Hong, Ma Huimin, Lin Shao, de Foy Benjamin, Hu Li-Wen, Yang Bo-Yi, Xu Shu-Li, Zhang Chuan, Tian Yan-Peng, Nian Min, Wang Jia, Xiao Xiang, Bao Wen-Wen, Zhang Ya-Zhi, Dong Guang-Hui
Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
Department of Epidemiology, College for Public Health and Social Justice, Saint Louis University, Saint Louis 63104, USA.
Environ Pollut. 2017 May;224:698-705. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.02.054. Epub 2017 Mar 2.
The impact of ambient air pollution on health causes concerns in China. However, little is known about the association of short-term air pollution exposure with blood pressure (BP) in children. The goal of present study was to assess the association between short-term air pollution and BP in children from a highly polluted area in China. This study enrolled 9354 children in 24 elementary and middle schools (aged 5-17 years) from the Seven Northeast Cities (SNEC) study, respectively, during the period of 2012-2013. Ambient air pollutants, including particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤10 μm (PM), sulfur dioxide (SO), nitrogen dioxide (NO) and ozone (O) on the days (1-5 days) preceding BP examination were collected from local air monitoring stations. Generalized additive models and two-level regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationship between air pollution and BP after adjusting for other covariates. Results showed that with an interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM (50.0 μg/m) and O (53.0 μg/m) level during the 5-day mean exposure, positive associations with elevated BP were observed, with an odds ratio of 2.17 (95% CI, 1.61-2.93) for PM and 2.77 (95% CI, 1.94-3.95) for O. Both systolic BP and diastolic BP levels were positively associated with an IQR increase of four air pollutants at different lag times. Specifically, an IQR increase in the 5-day mean of PM and O was associated with elevation of 2.07 mmHg (95% CI, 1.71-2.44) and 3.29 mmHg (95% CI, 2.86-3.72) in systolic BP, respectively. When stratified by sex, positive relationships were observed for elevated BP with NO exposure only in males. This is the first report on the relationship between ambient short-term air pollution exposure and children BP in China. Findings indicate a need to control air pollutants and protect children from heavy air pollution exposure in China.
中国环境空气污染对健康的影响引发了人们的关注。然而，关于儿童短期空气污染暴露与血压（BP）之间的关联，人们知之甚少。本研究的目的是评估中国一个高污染地区儿童短期空气污染与血压之间的关联。本研究在2012 - 2013年期间，分别从东北七城市（SNEC）研究中的24所中小学招募了9354名儿童（年龄在5 - 17岁）。在血压检查前1 - 5天，从当地空气监测站收集环境空气污染物，包括空气动力学直径≤10μm的颗粒物（PM）、二氧化硫（SO）、二氧化氮（NO）和臭氧（O）。在调整其他协变量后，使用广义相加模型和二级回归分析来评估空气污染与血压之间的关系。结果显示，在5天平均暴露期间，PM（50.0μg/m）和O（53.0μg/m）水平每增加一个四分位数间距（IQR），与血压升高呈正相关，PM的比值比为2.17（95%CI，1.61 - 2.93），O的比值比为2.77（95%CI，1.94 - 3.95）。收缩压和舒张压水平在不同滞后时间与四种空气污染物每增加一个IQR均呈正相关。具体而言，5天平均PM和O每增加一个IQR，收缩压分别升高2.07mmHg（95%CI，1.71 - 2.44）和3.29mmHg（95%CI，2.86 - 3.72）。按性别分层时，仅在男性中观察到NO暴露与血压升高呈正相关。这是中国关于环境短期空气污染暴露与儿童血压关系的首份报告。研究结果表明，中国需要控制空气污染物，保护儿童免受重度空气污染暴露。
