Lodha Neha, Christou Evangelos A
Department of Health and Exercise Science, Colorado State University Fort Collins, CO, USA.
Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida Gainesville, FL, USA.
Front Physiol. 2017 Feb 14;8:78. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00078. eCollection 2017.
A less precise force output impairs our ability to perform movements, learn new motor tasks, and use tools. Here we show that low-frequency oscillations in force are detrimental to force precision. We summarize the recent evidence that low-frequency oscillations in force output represent oscillations of the spinal motor neuron pool from the voluntary drive, and can be modulated by shifting power to higher frequencies. Further, force oscillations below 0.5 Hz impair force precision with increased voluntary drive, aging, and neurological disease. We argue that the low-frequency oscillations are (1) embedded in the descending drive as shown by the activation of multiple spinal motor neurons, (2) are altered with force intensity and brain pathology, and (3) can be modulated by visual feedback and motor training to enhance force precision. Thus, low-frequency oscillations in force provide insight into how the human brain regulates force precision.
不太精确的力输出会损害我们执行动作、学习新的运动任务以及使用工具的能力。在此我们表明，力的低频振荡不利于力的精确性。我们总结了近期的证据，即力输出中的低频振荡代表了来自自主驱动的脊髓运动神经元池的振荡，并且可以通过将功率转移到更高频率来进行调节。此外，低于0.5赫兹的力振荡会随着自主驱动增加、衰老以及神经疾病而损害力的精确性。我们认为低频振荡：（1）如多个脊髓运动神经元的激活所示，嵌入在下行驱动中；（2）会随着力的强度和脑部病变而改变；（3）可以通过视觉反馈和运动训练进行调节以提高力的精确性。因此，力的低频振荡为人类大脑如何调节力的精确性提供了见解。
