Jawad Mustafa Bashir M, Kofoed Kristian
Ugeskr Laeger. 2017 Feb 27;179(9).
The aim of this article is to investigate the latest knowledge of the aetiology, pathogenesis and treatment of mucosal malignant melanomas (MMM) in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and urogenital organs. MMM constitute 1.4% of all melanomas with an incidence rate in USA of 2.2 per million a year. MMM in the GIT occur mostly in the anal canal and rectum, but can also occur in the small intestine, gallbladder and the large intestine, though very rarely. Melanomas can occur in almost any part of the urinary tract. The aetiology and pathogenesis are unknown. Surgery appears to be the most effective treatment.
本文旨在探讨胃肠道（GIT）和泌尿生殖器官黏膜恶性黑色素瘤（MMM）的病因、发病机制及治疗方面的最新知识。MMM占所有黑色素瘤的1.4%，在美国每年的发病率为百万分之2.2。GIT中的MMM大多发生在肛管和直肠，但也可发生在小肠、胆囊和大肠，不过非常罕见。黑色素瘤几乎可发生于尿路的任何部位。其病因和发病机制尚不清楚。手术似乎是最有效的治疗方法。
