Dong Rui-Chun, Guo Li-Xin
School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China.
Int J Numer Method Biomed Eng. 2017 Nov;33(11). doi: 10.1002/cnm.2876. Epub 2017 Apr 7.
The aim of this study is to model the computational model of seated whole human body including skeleton, muscle, viscera, ligament, intervertebral disc, and skin to predict effect of the factors (sitting postures, muscle and skin, buttocks, viscera, arms, gravity, and boundary conditions) on the biodynamic characteristics of spine. Two finite element models of seated whole body and a large number of finite element models of different ligamentous motion segments were developed and validated. Static, modal, and transient dynamic analyses were performed. The predicted vertical resonant frequency of seated body model was in the range of vertical natural frequency of 4 to 7 Hz. Muscle, buttocks, viscera, and the boundary conditions of buttocks have influence on the vertical resonant frequency of spine. Muscle played a very important role in biodynamic response of spine. Compared with the vertical posture, the posture of lean forward or backward led to an increase in stress on anterior or lateral posterior of lumbar intervertebral discs. This indicated that keeping correct posture could reduce the injury of vibration on lumbar intervertebral disc under whole-body vibration. The driving posture not only reduced the load of spine but also increased the resonant frequency of spine.
本研究的目的是建立包含骨骼、肌肉、内脏、韧带、椎间盘和皮肤的坐姿整个人体的计算模型，以预测坐姿、肌肉和皮肤、臀部、内脏、手臂、重力和边界条件等因素对脊柱生物动力学特性的影响。开发并验证了两个坐姿全身有限元模型以及大量不同韧带运动节段的有限元模型。进行了静态、模态和瞬态动力学分析。坐姿人体模型预测的垂直共振频率在4至7Hz的垂直固有频率范围内。肌肉、臀部、内脏以及臀部的边界条件对脊柱的垂直共振频率有影响。肌肉在脊柱的生物动力学响应中起着非常重要的作用。与垂直姿势相比，前倾或后倾姿势会导致腰椎间盘前侧或后侧外侧的应力增加。这表明保持正确姿势可减少全身振动下腰椎间盘的振动损伤。驾驶姿势不仅减轻了脊柱的负荷，还提高了脊柱的共振频率。
