Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Guangdong Institute of Applied Biological Resources, Guangzhou 510260, China.
College of Life Science, Hainan Normal University, Haikou 571158, China.
Curr Biol. 2017 Mar 6;27(5):R170-R171. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.01.039.
China ranks first among Northern hemisphere countries for species richness, but approximately 43% of its species are threatened [1], with harvesting being the major threat to vertebrates [2]. To protect its biodiversity, China has established about 2,700 nature reserves covering 1.46 million km ( about 15% of China's territory, a percentage higher than the world average [3]). With increasing habitat destruction and harvesting, nature reserves are the final refugia for threatened species. However, many Chinese nature reserves are poorly managed, leaving them vulnerable to poaching and other human encroachment [4]. In this study, we conducted a 12-year (2002-2013) case study on turtles to illustrate the damaging impacts China's nature reserves have on wildlife conservation. We discovered that poaching occurred in all of the 56 reserves surveyed, resulting in dramatically reduced turtle populations. In a majority of the reserves, the reserve staff themselves were involved in poaching. Although nature reserves were created to protect plants and animals, they have become part of the problem due to weak enforcement of rules.
中国在北半球国家中物种丰富度排名第一，但约有 43%的物种受到威胁[1]，其中采猎是脊椎动物面临的主要威胁[2]。为保护生物多样性，中国已建立了约 2700 个自然保护区，保护区面积达 146 万平方千米（占中国领土的 15%左右[3]，高于世界平均水平）。随着栖息地的破坏和采猎活动的增加，自然保护区成为受威胁物种的最后避难所。然而，许多中国的自然保护区管理不善，容易受到偷猎和其他人为侵占[4]的影响。在这项研究中，我们对龟鳖类物种进行了为期 12 年（2002-2013 年）的案例研究，以说明中国自然保护区对野生动物保护的破坏影响。我们发现，在所调查的 56 个保护区中，所有保护区都发生了偷猎现象，导致龟鳖类数量急剧减少。在大多数保护区中，保护区工作人员自己也参与了偷猎。尽管自然保护区是为保护动植物而设立的，但由于执法不力，它们已成为问题的一部分。
