Khadka Sabin, Stevens Michael C, Aslanzadeh Farah, Narayanan Balaji, Hawkins Keith A, Austad Carol S, Raskin Sarah A, Tennen Howard, Wood Rebecca M, Fallahi Carolyn, Potenza Marc N, Pearlson Godfrey D
Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford HealthCare Corporation, Hartford, CT, USA.
Olin Neuropsychiatry Research Center, Institute of Living, Hartford HealthCare Corporation, Hartford, CT, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
J Psychiatr Res. 2017 Jul;90:118-125. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.02.016. Epub 2017 Feb 21.
Impulsivity is a complex, multidimensional construct with prior theoretically and empirically derived characterizations of impulsivity-related behaviors varying considerably among studies. We assessed college students (N = 440) longitudinally with five impulsivity-related self-reported assessments and two computerized behavioral measures. Using a combination of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), we derived then validated several composite impulsivity-related domains (CIRDs). These factors replicated, in large part, findings from a previous study conducted by our group in an independent sample that used a similar analytical approach. The four CIRDs derived in current study are: 'Impulsive action', 'Approach/Appetite Motivation', 'Impulsivity/Compulsivity' and 'Experience and thrill seeking/Fearlessness'. Subsequent psychometric analyses found these CIRDs were relatively stable over the two-year period. Moreover, multiple regression analysis found that CIRD profiles associated with clinical and behavioral characteristics including anxiety, depression, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and substance use symptomology. Overall, our data suggest that empirically-derived CIRDs have potential for organizing previous impulsivity-related constructs into a more naturalistic framework where distinct constructs are often expressed together in the same individuals. This framework might facilitate future research of neuropsychiatric disorder risk and etiology.
冲动性是一个复杂的多维概念，先前在理论和实证上得出的与冲动性相关行为的特征在不同研究中差异很大。我们对440名大学生进行了纵向评估，采用了五项与冲动性相关的自我报告评估和两项计算机化行为测量。通过探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析（CFA）相结合的方法，我们得出并验证了几个与冲动性相关的综合领域（CIRD）。这些因素在很大程度上重复了我们小组之前在一个独立样本中使用类似分析方法得出的研究结果。本研究得出的四个CIRD分别是：“冲动行为”、“趋近/食欲动机”、“冲动性/强迫性”以及“体验与冒险寻求/无畏”。随后的心理测量分析发现，这些CIRD在两年期间相对稳定。此外，多元回归分析发现，CIRD概况与包括焦虑、抑郁、注意力缺陷多动障碍和物质使用症状学在内的临床和行为特征相关。总体而言，我们的数据表明，通过实证得出的CIRD有可能将先前与冲动性相关的概念组织成一个更自然主义的框架，在这个框架中，不同的概念常常在同一个体中共同表现出来。这个框架可能会促进未来对神经精神疾病风险和病因的研究。
