Maurer J Michael, Anderson Nathaniel E, Allen Corey H, Kiehl Kent A
The Mind Research Network, 1101 Yale Boulevard NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA.
Departments of Psychology, Neuroscience and Law, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA.
Children (Basel). 2024 Jan 3;11(1):65. doi: 10.3390/children11010065.
Studies have reported positive associations between youth psychopathy scores and measures of 'fearlessness'. However, prior studies modified fearlessness items to be age appropriate, shifting from assessing hypothetical, extreme forms of physical risk-taking (e.g., flying an airplane) to normative risk-taking (e.g., riding bicycles downhill). We hypothesize that associations between youth psychopathy scores and alternative forms of sensation seeking (i.e., Disinhibition) have been conflated under a false fearlessness label. We tested this hypothesis among incarcerated male adolescents, investigating whether youth psychopathy scores were significantly associated with two different forms of sensation seeking: Disinhibition and Thrill and Adventure Seeking (TAS). Youth psychopathic traits were assessed using the Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version (PCL:YV), Antisocial Process Screening Device (APSD), Child Psychopathy Scale (CPS), Inventory of Callous and Unemotional Traits (ICU), and Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory (YPI). Disinhibition and fearlessness (i.e., TAS) were assessed using an unmodified version of the Zuckerman Sensation Seeking Scales (SSS). Consistent with hypotheses, youth psychopathy scores were associated with higher Disinhibition and lower TAS scores. Our results contribute to a growing body of literature suggesting that psychopathic traits, including among adolescents, are not concomitant with physical risk-taking and descriptions of psychopathy including fearlessness distort a precise understanding of psychopathy's core features.
研究报告了青少年精神病态得分与“无畏”测量指标之间存在正相关。然而，先前的研究对无畏项目进行了修改，使其适合年龄阶段，从评估假设的、极端形式的身体冒险行为（如驾驶飞机）转变为常规冒险行为（如下坡骑自行车）。我们假设，青少年精神病态得分与寻求刺激的其他形式（即去抑制）之间的关联在虚假的无畏标签下被混淆了。我们在被监禁的男性青少年中检验了这一假设，调查青少年精神病态得分是否与两种不同形式的寻求刺激行为显著相关：去抑制和寻求刺激与冒险（TAS）。使用《精神病态清单：青少年版》（PCL:YV）、反社会过程筛查工具（APSD）、儿童精神病态量表（CPS）、冷酷无情特质清单（ICU）和青少年精神病态特质量表（YPI）对青少年精神病态特征进行评估。使用未经修改的朱克曼寻求刺激量表（SSS）对去抑制和无畏（即TAS）进行评估。与假设一致，青少年精神病态得分与较高的去抑制得分和较低的TAS得分相关。我们的研究结果为越来越多的文献做出了贡献，表明包括青少年在内的精神病态特征与身体冒险行为并不相伴，而包括无畏在内的精神病态描述扭曲了对精神病态核心特征的准确理解。
