Brenière Simone Frédérique, Condori Edwin Wily, Buitrago Rosio, Sosa Luis Fernando, Macedo Catarina Lopes, Barnabé Christian
INTERTRYP, CIRAD, IRD, TA A-17/G, International Campus in Baillarguet, Montpellier, France; Centro de Investigación para la Salud en América Latina (CISeAL), Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Av. 12 de Octubre 1076 y Roca, Campus Nayon, Quito, Ecuador.
Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Av. Saavedra N° 2224, La Paz, Bolivia.
Infect Genet Evol. 2017 Jul;51:1-9. doi: 10.1016/j.meegid.2017.03.002. Epub 2017 Mar 6.
The Amazon region has recently been considered as endemic in Latin America. In Bolivia, the vast Amazon region is undergoing considerable human migrations and substantial anthropization of the environment, potentially renewing the danger of establishing the transmission of Chagas disease. The cases of human oral contamination occurring in 2010 in the town of Guayaramerín provided reasons to intensify research. As a result, the goal of this study was to characterize the species of sylvatic triatomines circulating in the surroundings of Yucumo (Beni, Bolivia), a small Amazonian city at the foot of the Andes between the capital (La Paz) and Trinidad the largest city of Beni. The triatomine captures were performed with mice-baited adhesive traps mostly settled in palm trees in forest fragments and pastures. Species were identified by morphological observation, dissection of genitalia, and sequencing of three mitochondrial gene fragments and one nuclear fragment. Molecular analysis was based on (i) the identity score of the haplotypes with GenBank sequences through the BLAST algorithm and (ii) construction of phylogenetic trees. Thirty-four triatomines, all belonging to the Rhodnius genus, of which two were adult males, were captured in palm trees in forest fragments and pastures (overall infestation rate, 12.3%). The morphology of the phallic structures in the two males confirmed the R. stali species. For the other specimens, after molecular sequencing, only one specimen was identified with confidence as belonging to Rhodnius robustus, the others belonged to one of the species of the Rhodnius pictipes complex, probably Rhodnius stali. The two species, R. robustus and R. stali, had previously been reported in the Alto Beni region (edge of the Amazon region), but not yet in the Beni department situated in the Amazon region. Furthermore, the difficulties of molecular characterization of closely related species within the three complexes of the genus Rhodnius are highlighted and discussed.
亚马逊地区最近被视为拉丁美洲的地方病流行区。在玻利维亚，广袤的亚马逊地区正经历着大规模的人口迁移和环境的大量人类化，这可能会再次引发恰加斯病传播的危险。2010年在瓜亚拉梅林镇发生的人类经口感染病例为加强研究提供了理由。因此，本研究的目的是对尤库莫（玻利维亚贝尼省）周边地区野生锥蝽的种类进行特征描述，尤库莫是位于安第斯山脉脚下的一个小型亚马逊城市，介于首都（拉巴斯）和贝尼省最大城市特立尼达之间。锥蝽捕捉工作主要使用以小鼠为诱饵的粘性诱捕器，这些诱捕器大多放置在森林碎片和牧场的棕榈树上。通过形态观察、生殖器解剖以及对三个线粒体基因片段和一个核片段进行测序来鉴定物种。分子分析基于：（i）通过BLAST算法将单倍型与GenBank序列的同一性得分；（ii）系统发育树的构建。在森林碎片和牧场的棕榈树上捕获了34只锥蝽，均属于红猎蝽属，其中两只为成年雄性（总体感染率为12.3%）。两只雄性的阴茎结构形态证实为斯氏红猎蝽。对于其他标本，经过分子测序后，只有一个标本被明确鉴定为粗壮红猎蝽，其他标本属于红纹红猎蝽复合体的一个物种，可能是斯氏红猎蝽。粗壮红猎蝽和斯氏红猎蝽这两个物种此前曾在贝尼省上游地区（亚马逊地区边缘）被报道，但尚未在位于亚马逊地区的贝尼省被发现。此外，还强调并讨论了在红猎蝽属的三个复合体中对亲缘关系密切的物种进行分子特征鉴定的困难。
