Dragoi Galrinho Ruxandra, Ciobanu Andrea Olivia, Rimbas Roxana Cristina, Manole Catalin Gabriel, Leena Bogdan Marinescu, Vinereanu Dragos
"Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania; Emergency University Hospital of Bucharest, Romania.
"Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Emergency University Hospital of Bucharest, Romania.
Maedica (Bucur). 2015 Jun;10(2):85-90.
The rat infarct model was used extensively to study the pathophysiology of myocardial infarction and to evaluate different therapies. Transthoracic echocardiography is used in rats in order to assess cardiac anatomy and function, being a safe and reliable non-invasive technique. However, studies combining conventional with new echo techniques, such as tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) and speckletracking echocardiography (STE), are lacking.
To validate a protocol using the available conventional and new echocardiographic techniques (TDI and STE) for a comprehensive assessment of cardiac remodelling and function, after myocardial infarction in rats.
Ten Wistar (W) and five Sprague Dawley (SD) male rats (aged 21±2 weeks, mean weight 355±43 g) were evaluated by echocardiography, before and 24 hours post-ligation of the left coronary artery, with previous anaesthesia. Left ventricular (LV) structure was assessed by end-diastolic and endsystolic anterior wall thickness and LV diameters (from the SAX view), while LV function by fractional shortening (FS) and ejection fraction (EF) (by area-length formula), septal mitral annular plane systolic excursion (MAPSE), cardiac output (CO), myocardial performance index (MPI), septal mitral annular systolic velocity (S', by TDI), and global circumferential and radial systolic strain (GCS, GRS) and strain rate (GCSr, GRSr) by STE, from the SAX view at the level of papillary muscles.
Feasibility of measuring the above mentioned parameters was 100%. Twenty-four hours after myocardial infarction, rats had lower heart rate (373±44 vs. 351±32 bpm, p<0.05) and thinner LV anterior wall, while LV diameters and volumes were significantly higher. FS (54±7 vs. 33±9%), EF (72±9vs. 47±10%), septal MAPSE (2.02±0.17 vs. 1.44±0.22 mm), CO (76±15 vs. 48±12 ml/min), MPI (0.33±0.11 vs. 0.50±0.14), S' (5.58±1.20 vs. 3.84±1.06 cm/s), and LV strain and strain rate (GCS: -23.52±2.44 vs. -13.33±1.51% and GRS: 50.45±13.11 vs. 17.27±5.2%, GCSr: -8.42±0.85 vs. -4.68±0.53; and GRSr: 11.93±2.39 vs. 4.89±1.18 1/s) were significantly lower, all p<0.01.
Our echocardiographic protocol of experimental myocardial infarction in rats is feasible. The impact of myocardial infarction in rats could be more extensively assessed using a comprehensive echocardiographic protocol of conventional and specific myocardial parameters, measured by TDI and STE, in order to quantify better the LV structure and function. Therefore, we suggest that this protocol may be used in order to assess the effect of different regenerative therapies in experimental myocardial infarction in rats.
大鼠梗死模型被广泛用于研究心肌梗死的病理生理学并评估不同疗法。经胸超声心动图用于大鼠以评估心脏解剖结构和功能，是一种安全可靠的非侵入性技术。然而，缺乏将传统超声技术与新的超声技术（如组织多普勒成像（TDI）和斑点追踪超声心动图（STE））相结合的研究。
验证一种使用现有传统和新的超声心动图技术（TDI和STE）对大鼠心肌梗死后心脏重塑和功能进行全面评估的方案。
对10只Wistar（W）雄性大鼠和5只Sprague Dawley（SD）雄性大鼠（年龄21±2周，平均体重355±43 g）在左冠状动脉结扎前及结扎后24小时进行超声心动图评估，评估前进行麻醉。通过舒张末期和收缩末期前壁厚度以及左心室直径（从短轴切面视图）评估左心室（LV）结构，而通过缩短分数（FS）和射血分数（EF）（通过面积 - 长度公式）、室间隔二尖瓣环平面收缩期位移（MAPSE）、心输出量（CO）、心肌性能指数（MPI）、室间隔二尖瓣环收缩期速度（S'，通过TDI）以及在乳头肌水平从短轴切面视图通过STE测量的整体圆周和径向收缩期应变（GCS，GRS）和应变率（GCSr，GRSr）评估左心室功能。
测量上述参数的可行性为100%。心肌梗死后24小时，大鼠心率较低（373±44对351±32次/分钟，p<0.05），左心室前壁变薄，而左心室直径和容积显著增加。FS（54±7对33±9%）、EF（72±9对47±10%）、室间隔MAPSE（2.02±0.17对1.44±0.22 mm）、CO（76±15对48±12 ml/分钟）、MPI（0.33±0.11对0.50±0.14）、S'（5.58±1.20对3.84±1.06 cm/秒）以及左心室应变和应变率（GCS：-23.52±2.44对-13.33±1.51%；GRS：50.45±13.11对17.27±5.2%；GCSr：-8.42±0.85对-4.68±0.53；GRSr：11.93±2.39对4.89±1.18 1/秒）均显著降低，所有p<0.01。
我们的大鼠实验性心肌梗死超声心动图方案是可行的。使用由TDI和STE测量的传统和特定心肌参数的综合超声心动图方案，可以更广泛地评估大鼠心肌梗死的影响，以便更好地量化左心室结构和功能。因此，我们建议该方案可用于评估不同再生疗法对大鼠实验性心肌梗死的效果。
