Krammer F
a Department of Microbiology , Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai , New York , NY , USA.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2017 May;16(5):503-513. doi: 10.1080/14760584.2017.1299576. Epub 2017 Mar 17.
Currently, several universal/broadly protective influenza virus vaccine candidates are under development. Many of these vaccines are based on strategies to induce protective antibody responses against the surface glycoproteins of antigenically and genetically diverse influenza viruses. These strategies might also be applicable to surface glycoproteins of a broad range of other important viral pathogens. Areas covered: Common strategies include sequential vaccination with divergent antigens, multivalent approaches, vaccination with glycan-modified antigens, vaccination with minimal antigens and vaccination with antigens that have centralized/optimized sequences. Here we review these strategies and the underlying concepts. Furthermore, challenges, feasibility and applicability to other viral pathogens are discussed. Expert commentary: Several broadly protective/universal influenza virus vaccine strategies will be tested in humans in the coming years. If successful in terms of safety and immunological readouts, they will move forward into efficacy trials. In the meantime, successful vaccine strategies might also be applied to other antigenically diverse viruses of concern.
目前，几种通用型/广泛保护性流感病毒候选疫苗正在研发中。其中许多疫苗基于诱导针对抗原性和基因多样的流感病毒表面糖蛋白的保护性抗体反应的策略。这些策略也可能适用于其他多种重要病毒病原体的表面糖蛋白。涵盖领域：常见策略包括用不同抗原进行序贯接种、多价方法、用聚糖修饰抗原接种、用最小化抗原接种以及用具有集中/优化序列的抗原接种。在此，我们综述这些策略及其基本概念。此外，还讨论了挑战、可行性以及对其他病毒病原体的适用性。专家评论：未来几年，几种广泛保护性/通用型流感病毒疫苗策略将在人体中进行测试。如果在安全性和免疫学指标方面取得成功，它们将进入疗效试验。与此同时，成功的疫苗策略也可能应用于其他受关注的抗原性多样的病毒。
